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A pair of Scarlet Macaws flies by our group at Cristalino Jungle Lodge. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
As a tour guide, I am often asked if I don’t get tired of doing the same tours over and over again; I always answer "no", as each tour is completely different from the previous one. This year’s Alta Floresta and Pantanal tour is proof that I’m not lying, as it was like no tour I had ever led before. We started things at Chapada dos Guimaraes, a well-known birding destination just a few kilometers from Cuiaba. Though there were plenty of the usual suspects that we hope to find at this site, such as White-banded and White-rumped tanagers, Plain-crested Elaenia, Plumbeous Seedeater and Pale-breasted Spinetail, we also came across a variety of birds that are rarely seen, including Crowned Eagle, Checkered Woodpecker and the endangered Yellow-faced Parrot, so we were off to an auspicious start.
Cristalino was next, and forest birding is in an entirely different ball game. The dark understory makes it even harder to see birds that are shy by nature, and the canopy is so far up that even the most colorful birds sometimes look like dark spots in the sky. Fortunately, the two observation towers at Cristalino leveled the playing field for us, and with fruiting trees close to both of them, we struck gold, as a myriad of tanagers, toucans, toucanets, aracaris, cotingas and parrots came in for close inspection by our group. In the understory, unusual levels of understory flock activity allowed us to study those antbirds one by one in the many days that we walked the forest. While mixed species flocks are the bread and butter of forest birding, antswarms are the feast for the hungry birder, and we were extremely lucky to find one that produced incredible looks at the extremely localized Bare-eyed Antbird and the army ant specialist White-chinned Woodcreeper. There are plenty of birds that do not partake in such gatherings and so we needed to work hard to find them, an effort that was well rewarded by great looks at birds such as Pavonine Quetzal, Zigzag Heron, Musician Wren, Razor-billed Curassow, Amazonian Umbrellabird, Brown-banded Puffbird and the elusive Dark-winged Trumpeter, which we found on a couple of occasions. Once again Cristalino had been kind to us.
Our last stop was the famous Pantanal and it was here that our tour went from great to extraordinary. The profusion of birds, and the ease with which they were seen, was refreshing after our many days of forest birding, quickly slowing our pace and preparing us for what would be the one of the most thrilling days I ever had in the Pantanal. It started as any other day in the Pantanal, with Chaco Chachalacas announcing the start of a new day while Hyacinth Macaws called loudly from a nearby palm tree. We took advantage of the early morning activity to bird the grounds of our lodge and enjoyed prolonged looks at a pair of Jabirus building their nest, up-close looks at American Pygmy-Kingfisher and many others, making for a productive morning of birding. After lunch, we began to make our way towards Porto Jofre, where we would spend two nights and hopefully see a Jaguar.
At least that was the plan. But as we cruised down the road, a Jaguar ran across the road. We would have been thrilled with that, if it wasn't for the fact that only four people had seen it -- and two of them were the driver and me. We decided to go a bit further to see if the Jaguar would come back to the road, but sadly, that didn't happen. However, only a few moments later, a smaller individual appeared on the road and we all got great looks at it. This was a rare treat: in the many years that I have guided in the Pantanal, I had only seen a Jaguar on the road a couple of times, so I had just doubled my number of road sightings in a few minutes. This Jaguar ran back into the bushes as a car came in the opposite direction, so we continued on our journey, only to find yet another Jaguar -- this one a nursing female -- again on the road, about an hour later. We turned off the bus and watched in complete disbelief. It walked towards us until it was right in front of the bus; there it sat and licked itself for a bit, then turned around and disappeared out of sight. This day just couldn't get any better -- or could it? We made a stop along the way to bird the last hours of daylight, and while Yellow-collared Macaws flew around and a pair of Crimson-crested Woodpeckers built a nest, we watched an Undulated Tinamou singing in the open just a few feet away from our group. What a way to end a day!
Porto Jofre is famous for Jaguars and guess what: we saw four more, including one killing a caiman, a female with a youngster and a huge male using a tree as a scratching post. In the process, we saw a myriad birds, including Blue-throated Piping-Guan, Cinereous-breasted Spinetail, Pied Plover and more terns and skimmers than we could count.
So no, I don’t get tired of doing the same trip over and over again. As a matter of fact, I can hardly wait to see what next year is going to be like!
Until we meet again,
-- Marcelo
KEYS FOR THIS LIST
One of the following keys may be shown in brackets for individual species as appropriate: * = heard only, I = introduced, E = endemic, N = nesting, a = austral migrant, b = boreal migrant
Rheidae (Rheas)
This male Jaguar was the icing on the cake, after we'd seen six individuals in less than 24 hours! Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
GREATER RHEA (Rhea americana) Tinamidae (Tinamous)
CINEREOUS TINAMOU (Crypturellus cinereus) [*]
UNDULATED TINAMOU (Crypturellus undulatus)
VARIEGATED TINAMOU (Crypturellus variegatus) [*]
SMALL-BILLED TINAMOU (Crypturellus parvirostris) [*]
RED-WINGED TINAMOU (Rhynchotus rufescens) [*]
Anhimidae (Screamers)
SOUTHERN SCREAMER (Chauna torquata)
Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, and Waterfowl)
BLACK-BELLIED WHISTLING-DUCK (Dendrocygna autumnalis)
MUSCOVY DUCK (Cairina moschata)
Cracidae (Guans, Chachalacas, and Curassows)
CHACO CHACHALACA (Ortalis canicollis)
SPIX'S GUAN (Penelope jacquacu)
CHESTNUT-BELLIED GUAN (Penelope ochrogaster)
BLUE-THROATED PIPING-GUAN (Pipile cumanensis)
RED-THROATED PIPING-GUAN (Pipile cujubi)
RAZOR-BILLED CURASSOW (Mitu tuberosum)
BARE-FACED CURASSOW (Crax fasciolata)
Ciconiidae (Storks)
MAGUARI STORK (Ciconia maguari)
JABIRU (Jabiru mycteria)
WOOD STORK (Mycteria americana)
Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants and Shags)
NEOTROPIC CORMORANT (Phalacrocorax brasilianus)
Anhingidae (Anhingas)
ANHINGA (Anhinga anhinga)
Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns)
ZIGZAG HERON (Zebrilus undulatus)
RUFESCENT TIGER-HERON (Tigrisoma lineatum)
COCOI HERON (Ardea cocoi)
GREAT EGRET (Ardea alba)
SNOWY EGRET (Egretta thula)
LITTLE BLUE HERON (Egretta caerulea)
CATTLE EGRET (Bubulcus ibis)
STRIATED HERON (Butorides striata)
WHISTLING HERON (Syrigma sibilatrix)
CAPPED HERON (Pilherodius pileatus)
BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT-HERON (Nycticorax nycticorax)
BOAT-BILLED HERON (Cochlearius cochlearius)
Threskiornithidae (Ibises and Spoonbills)
Zigzag Herons are known for being crepuscular, shy and elusive. I guess this one didn't get the memo! Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
WHITE-FACED IBIS (Plegadis chihi) GREEN IBIS (Mesembrinibis cayennensis)
BARE-FACED IBIS (Phimosus infuscatus)
PLUMBEOUS IBIS (Theristicus caerulescens)
BUFF-NECKED IBIS (Theristicus caudatus)
ROSEATE SPOONBILL (Platalea ajaja)
Cathartidae (New World Vultures)
BLACK VULTURE (Coragyps atratus)
TURKEY VULTURE (Cathartes aura)
LESSER YELLOW-HEADED VULTURE (Cathartes burrovianus)
GREATER YELLOW-HEADED VULTURE (Cathartes melambrotus)
KING VULTURE (Sarcoramphus papa)
Pandionidae (Osprey)
OSPREY (AMERICAN) (Pandion haliaetus carolinensis)
Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
PEARL KITE (Gampsonyx swainsonii)
GRAY-HEADED KITE (Leptodon cayanensis)
SWALLOW-TAILED KITE (Elanoides forficatus)
BLACK-AND-WHITE HAWK-EAGLE (Spizaetus melanoleucus)
BLACK-COLLARED HAWK (Busarellus nigricollis)
SNAIL KITE (Rostrhamus sociabilis)
CRANE HAWK (BANDED) (Geranospiza caerulescens gracilis)
SAVANNA HAWK (Buteogallus meridionalis)
GREAT BLACK HAWK (Buteogallus urubitinga)
CROWNED EAGLE (Buteogallus coronatus)
ROADSIDE HAWK (Rupornis magnirostris)
WHITE-TAILED HAWK (Geranoaetus albicaudatus)
WHITE-BROWED HAWK (Leucopternis kuhli)
Eurypygidae (Sunbittern)
SUNBITTERN (Eurypyga helias)
Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, and Coots)
GRAY-BREASTED CRAKE (Laterallus exilis) [*]
GRAY-NECKED WOOD-RAIL (Aramides cajaneus)
Heliornithidae (Finfoots)
SUNGREBE (Heliornis fulica)
Aramidae (Limpkin)
LIMPKIN (Aramus guarauna)
Psophiidae (Trumpeters)
DARK-WINGED TRUMPETER (Psophia viridis)
Recurvirostridae (Stilts and Avocets)
BLACK-NECKED STILT (WHITE-BACKED) (Himantopus mexicanus melanurus)
Charadriidae (Plovers and Lapwings)
PIED LAPWING (Vanellus cayanus)
SOUTHERN LAPWING (Vanellus chilensis)
COLLARED PLOVER (Charadrius collaris)
Jacanidae (Jacanas)
WATTLED JACANA (Jacana jacana)
Laridae (Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers)
YELLOW-BILLED TERN (Sternula superciliaris)
Spix's Guan was one of the many great finds we had before we had even reached the lodge at Cristalino. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
LARGE-BILLED TERN (Phaetusa simplex) BLACK SKIMMER (Rynchops niger)
Columbidae (Pigeons and Doves)
ROCK PIGEON (Columba livia)
PALE-VENTED PIGEON (Patagioenas cayennensis)
PICAZURO PIGEON (Patagioenas picazuro)
PLUMBEOUS PIGEON (Patagioenas plumbea)
RUDDY PIGEON (Patagioenas subvinacea)
RUDDY GROUND-DOVE (Columbina talpacoti)
SCALED DOVE (Columbina squammata)
PICUI GROUND-DOVE (Columbina picui)
BLUE GROUND-DOVE (Claravis pretiosa) [*]
LONG-TAILED GROUND-DOVE (Uropelia campestris)
WHITE-TIPPED DOVE (Leptotila verreauxi)
EARED DOVE (Zenaida auriculata)
Opisthocomidae (Hoatzin)
HOATZIN (Opisthocomus hoazin)
Cuculidae (Cuckoos)
LITTLE CUCKOO (Coccycua minuta)
SQUIRREL CUCKOO (Piaya cayana)
BLACK-BELLIED CUCKOO (Piaya melanogaster)
GUIRA CUCKOO (Guira guira)
STRIPED CUCKOO (Tapera naevia)
PHEASANT CUCKOO (Dromococcyx phasianellus)
GREATER ANI (Crotophaga major)
SMOOTH-BILLED ANI (Crotophaga ani)
Tytonidae (Barn-Owls)
BARN OWL (Tyto alba)
Strigidae (Owls)
TROPICAL SCREECH-OWL (Megascops choliba)
GREAT HORNED OWL (Bubo virginianus)
FERRUGINOUS PYGMY-OWL (Glaucidium brasilianum)
BURROWING OWL (Athene cunicularia)
MOTTLED OWL (Ciccaba virgata) [*]
Caprimulgidae (Nightjars and Allies)
NACUNDA NIGHTHAWK (Chordeiles nacunda)
SHORT-TAILED NIGHTHAWK (Lurocalis semitorquatus)
BAND-TAILED NIGHTHAWK (Nyctiprogne leucopyga)
BLACKISH NIGHTJAR (Nyctipolus nigrescens)
COMMON PAURAQUE (Nyctidromus albicollis)
LADDER-TAILED NIGHTJAR (Hydropsalis climacocerca)
Nyctibiidae (Potoos)
GREAT POTOO (Nyctibius grandis)
COMMON POTOO (Nyctibius griseus)
Apodidae (Swifts)
WHITE-COLLARED SWIFT (Streptoprocne zonaris)
AMAZONIAN SWIFT (Chaetura viridipennis)
SHORT-TAILED SWIFT (Chaetura brachyura)
PALE-RUMPED SWIFT (Chaetura egregia)
FORK-TAILED PALM-SWIFT (Tachornis squamata)
Trochilidae (Hummingbirds)
This Jabiru flew into a nest with a "mouth" full of water to compact the grass it had deposited there just minutes before. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
RUFOUS-BREASTED HERMIT (Glaucis hirsutus) STRAIGHT-BILLED HERMIT (Phaethornis bourcieri)
CINNAMON-THROATED HERMIT (Phaethornis nattereri)
REDDISH HERMIT (Phaethornis ruber)
BUFF-BELLIED HERMIT (Phaethornis subochraceus)
WHITE-VENTED VIOLETEAR (Colibri serrirostris)
BLACK-EARED FAIRY (Heliothryx auritus)
FIERY-TAILED AWLBILL (Avocettula recurvirostris)
BLACK-THROATED MANGO (Anthracothorax nigricollis)
LONG-BILLED STARTHROAT (Heliomaster longirostris)
BLUE-TUFTED STARTHROAT (Heliomaster furcifer)
AMETHYST WOODSTAR (Calliphlox amethystina)
GLITTERING-BELLIED EMERALD (Chlorostilbon lucidus)
SWALLOW-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (Eupetomena macroura)
FORK-TAILED WOODNYMPH (Thalurania furcata)
GLITTERING-THROATED EMERALD (Amazilia fimbriata)
GILDED HUMMINGBIRD (Hylocharis chrysura)
Trogonidae (Trogons)
PAVONINE QUETZAL (Pharomachrus pavoninus)
BLACK-TAILED TROGON (Trogon melanurus)
GREEN-BACKED TROGON (Trogon viridis)
AMAZONIAN TROGON (Trogon ramonianus)
BLUE-CROWNED TROGON (Trogon curucui)
COLLARED TROGON (Trogon collaris) [*]
Momotidae (Motmots)
AMAZONIAN MOTMOT (Momotus momota)
BROAD-BILLED MOTMOT (Electron platyrhynchum)
Alcedinidae (Kingfishers)
RINGED KINGFISHER (Megaceryle torquata)
AMAZON KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle amazona)
GREEN KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle americana)
GREEN-AND-RUFOUS KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle inda)
AMERICAN PYGMY KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle aenea)
Bucconidae (Puffbirds)
WHITE-NECKED PUFFBIRD (Notharchus hyperrhynchus)
BROWN-BANDED PUFFBIRD (Notharchus ordii)
PIED PUFFBIRD (Notharchus tectus)
A Savanna Hawk sits right next to the road with its eyes fixed on its prey, completely ignoring our presence. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
COLLARED PUFFBIRD (Bucco capensis) STRIOLATED PUFFBIRD (EASTERN) (Nystalus striolatus torridus)
WHITE-EARED PUFFBIRD (Nystalus chacuru)
BLACK-FRONTED NUNBIRD (Monasa nigrifrons)
SWALLOW-WINGED PUFFBIRD (Chelidoptera tenebrosa)
Galbulidae (Jacamars)
BLUE-CHEEKED JACAMAR (Galbula cyanicollis)
RUFOUS-TAILED JACAMAR (Galbula ruficauda)
BRONZY JACAMAR (Galbula leucogastra)
PARADISE JACAMAR (Galbula dea)
GREAT JACAMAR (Jacamerops aureus)
Capitonidae (New World Barbets)
BLACK-GIRDLED BARBET (Capito dayi)
Ramphastidae (Toucans)
LETTERED ARACARI (Pteroglossus inscriptus)
BLACK-NECKED ARACARI (Pteroglossus aracari) [*]
CHESTNUT-EARED ARACARI (Pteroglossus castanotis)
CURL-CRESTED ARACARI (Pteroglossus beauharnaesii)
RED-NECKED ARACARI (Pteroglossus bitorquatus)
GOULD'S TOUCANET (Selenidera gouldii)
TOCO TOUCAN (Ramphastos toco)
WHITE-THROATED TOUCAN (Ramphastos tucanus cuvieri)
CHANNEL-BILLED TOUCAN (Ramphastos vitellinus)
Picidae (Woodpeckers)
BAR-BREASTED PICULET (Picumnus aurifrons)
WHITE-WEDGED PICULET (Picumnus albosquamatus)
WHITE WOODPECKER (Melanerpes candidus)
YELLOW-TUFTED WOODPECKER (Melanerpes cruentatus)
CHECKERED WOODPECKER (Veniliornis mixtus)
LITTLE WOODPECKER (Veniliornis passerinus)
RED-STAINED WOODPECKER (Veniliornis affinis)
YELLOW-THROATED WOODPECKER (Piculus flavigula)
GOLDEN-GREEN WOODPECKER (Piculus chrysochloros)
GREEN-BARRED WOODPECKER (Colaptes melanochloros)
CAMPO FLICKER (Colaptes campestris)
PALE-CRESTED WOODPECKER (Celeus lugubris)
CREAM-COLORED WOODPECKER (Celeus flavus)
RINGED WOODPECKER (Celeus torquatus)
LINEATED WOODPECKER (Dryocopus lineatus) [*]
RED-NECKED WOODPECKER (Campephilus rubricollis)
CRIMSON-CRESTED WOODPECKER (Campephilus melanoleucos)
Cariamidae (Seriemas)
RED-LEGGED SERIEMA (Cariama cristata)
Falconidae (Falcons and Caracaras)
BARRED FOREST-FALCON (Micrastur ruficollis)
CRYPTIC FOREST-FALCON (Micrastur mintoni) [*]
COLLARED FOREST-FALCON (Micrastur semitorquatus)
BLACK CARACARA (Daptrius ater)
RED-THROATED CARACARA (Ibycter americanus) [*]
SOUTHERN CARACARA (Caracara plancus)
YELLOW-HEADED CARACARA (Milvago chimachima)
LAUGHING FALCON (Herpetotheres cachinnans)
You know a trail is going to be good when you see something like this Broad-billed Motmot before you even start to walk. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
AMERICAN KESTREL (Falco sparverius) APLOMADO FALCON (Falco femoralis)
BAT FALCON (Falco rufigularis)
Psittacidae (New World and African Parrots)
MONK PARAKEET (Myiopsitta monachus)
YELLOW-CHEVRONED PARAKEET (Brotogeris chiriri)
GOLDEN-WINGED PARAKEET (Brotogeris chrysoptera)
ORANGE-CHEEKED PARROT (Pyrilia barrabandi)
SCALY-HEADED PARROT (Pionus maximiliani)
BLUE-HEADED PARROT (Pionus menstruus)
YELLOW-CROWNED PARROT (Amazona ochrocephala)
TURQUOISE-FRONTED PARROT (Amazona aestiva)
MEALY PARROT (Amazona farinosa)
KAWALL'S PARROT (Amazona kawalli)
ORANGE-WINGED PARROT (Amazona amazonica)
YELLOW-FACED PARROTLET (Forpus xanthops)
WHITE-BELLIED PARROT (Pionites leucogaster)
RED-FAN PARROT (Deroptyus accipitrinus) [*]
CRIMSON-BELLIED PARAKEET (Pyrrhura perlata) [*]
SANTAREM PARAKEET (SANTAREM) (Pyrrhura amazonum amazonum)
HYACINTH MACAW (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
PEACH-FRONTED PARAKEET (Eupsittula aurea)
BLUE-WINGED MACAW (Primolius maracana)
YELLOW-COLLARED MACAW (Primolius auricollis)
BLUE-AND-YELLOW MACAW (Ara ararauna)
SCARLET MACAW (Ara macao)
RED-AND-GREEN MACAW (Ara chloropterus)
CHESTNUT-FRONTED MACAW (Ara severus)
BLUE-CROWNED PARAKEET (Thectocercus acuticaudatus)
RED-SHOULDERED MACAW (Diopsittaca nobilis)
WHITE-EYED PARAKEET (Psittacara leucophthalmus)
Thamnophilidae (Typical Antbirds)
FASCIATED ANTSHRIKE (Cymbilaimus lineatus)
GREAT ANTSHRIKE (Taraba major)
BARRED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus doliatus)
RUFOUS-WINGED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus torquatus)
CHESTNUT-BACKED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus palliatus)
PLAIN-WINGED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus schistaceus)
NATTERER'S SLATY-ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus stictocephalus)
PLANALTO SLATY-ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus pelzelni)
WHITE-SHOULDERED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus aethiops) [*]
PLAIN ANTVIREO (Dysithamnus mentalis)
SATURNINE ANTSHRIKE (Thamnomanes saturninus)
CINEREOUS ANTSHRIKE (Thamnomanes caesius)
Large-billed Antwren is a canopy bird, but this male came low, allowing our group to have some great looks at it. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
PLAIN-THROATED ANTWREN (Isleria hauxwelli) SPOT-WINGED ANTSHRIKE (Pygiptila stellaris)
WHITE-EYED ANTWREN (Epinecrophylla leucophthalma)
ORNATE ANTWREN (Epinecrophylla ornata)
PYGMY ANTWREN (Myrmotherula brachyura) [*]
SCLATER'S ANTWREN (Myrmotherula sclateri)
AMAZONIAN STREAKED-ANTWREN (Myrmotherula multostriata)
WHITE-FLANKED ANTWREN (Myrmotherula axillaris)
LONG-WINGED ANTWREN (Myrmotherula longipennis)
GRAY ANTWREN (Myrmotherula menetriesii)
LARGE-BILLED ANTWREN (Herpsilochmus longirostris)
RUFOUS-WINGED ANTWREN (Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus)
DOT-WINGED ANTWREN (Microrhopias quixensis emiliae)
BLACK-BELLIED ANTWREN (Formicivora melanogaster)
RUSTY-BACKED ANTWREN (Formicivora rufa)
STRIATED ANTBIRD (Drymophila devillei)
SPIX'S WARBLING-ANTBIRD (Hypocnemis striata)
GRAY ANTBIRD (Cercomacra cinerascens) [*]
MATO GROSSO ANTBIRD (Cercomacra melanaria)
BLACK-FACED ANTBIRD (Myrmoborus myotherinus ochrolaema) [*]
BAND-TAILED ANTBIRD (Hypocnemoides maculicauda)
CHESTNUT-TAILED ANTBIRD (PALLENS) (Myrmeciza hemimelaena pallens)
BLACK-THROATED ANTBIRD (Myrmeciza atrothorax)
BARE-EYED ANTBIRD (Rhegmatorhina gymnops)
DOT-BACKED ANTBIRD (Hylophylax punctulatus)
BLACK-SPOTTED BARE-EYE (Phlegopsis nigromaculata) [*]
Melanopareiidae (Crescentchests)
COLLARED CRESCENTCHEST (Melanopareia torquata)
Conopophagidae (Gnateaters)
CHESTNUT-BELTED GNATEATER (SNETHAGE'S) (Conopophaga aurita snethlageae)
Grallariidae (Antpittas)
ALTA FLORESTA ANTPITTA (Hylopezus whittakeri) [*]
THRUSH-LIKE ANTPITTA (Myrmothera campanisona) [*]
Furnariidae (Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers)
SPOT-THROATED WOODCREEPER (Certhiasomus stictolaemus) [*]
OLIVACEOUS WOODCREEPER (Sittasomus griseicapillus)
LONG-TAILED WOODCREEPER (Deconychura longicauda)
WHITE-CHINNED WOODCREEPER (Dendrocincla merula)
WEDGE-BILLED WOODCREEPER (Glyphorynchus spirurus inornatus)
CINNAMON-THROATED WOODCREEPER (Dendrexetastes rufigula)
LONG-BILLED WOODCREEPER (Nasica longirostris)
AMAZONIAN BARRED-WOODCREEPER (PLAIN-COLORED) (Dendrocolaptes certhia concolor) [*]
BLACK-BANDED WOODCREEPER (Dendrocolaptes picumnus)
PLANALTO WOODCREEPER (Dendrocolaptes platyrostris)
GREAT RUFOUS WOODCREEPER (Xiphocolaptes major)
This female Rusty-backed Antwren inspected our group closely to make sure we didn't pose any threats to its territory. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
STRIPED WOODCREEPER (Xiphorhynchus obsoletus) SPIX'S WOODCREEPER (Xiphorhynchus spixii)
BUFF-THROATED WOODCREEPER (LAFRESNAYE'S) (Xiphorhynchus guttatus dorbignyanus)
BUFF-THROATED WOODCREEPER (DUSKY-BILLED) (Xiphorhynchus guttatus eytoni)
STRAIGHT-BILLED WOODCREEPER (Dendroplex picus)
RED-BILLED SCYTHEBILL (Campylorhamphus trochilirostris)
NARROW-BILLED WOODCREEPER (Lepidocolaptes angustirostris)
LINEATED WOODCREEPER (Lepidocolaptes albolineatus)
STREAKED XENOPS (Xenops rutilans)
POINT-TAILED PALMCREEPER (Berlepschia rikeri)
PALE-LEGGED HORNERO (Furnarius leucopus)
RUFOUS HORNERO (Furnarius rufus)
RUFOUS-RUMPED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Philydor erythrocercum)
RUFOUS-TAILED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Anabacerthia ruficaudata)
GREATER THORNBIRD (Phacellodomus ruber)
RUSTY-BACKED SPINETAIL (Cranioleuca vulpina)
RUFOUS CACHOLOTE (Pseudoseisura unirufa)
CHOTOY SPINETAIL (Schoeniophylax phryganophilus)
YELLOW-CHINNED SPINETAIL (Certhiaxis cinnamomeus)
SOOTY-FRONTED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis frontalis)
PALE-BREASTED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis albescens)
CINEREOUS-BREASTED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis hypospodia)
WHITE-LORED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis albilora)
Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers)
SOUTHERN BEARDLESS-TYRANNULET (Camptostoma obsoletum)
SUIRIRI FLYCATCHER (Suiriri suiriri affinis)
CHAPADA FLYCATCHER (Suiriri islerorum)
MOUSE-COLORED TYRANNULET (Phaeomyias murina)
SUBTROPICAL DORADITO (Pseudocolopteryx acutipennis)
YELLOW-CROWNED TYRANNULET (Tyrannulus elatus) [*]
FOREST ELAENIA (Myiopagis gaimardii)
GREENISH ELAENIA (Myiopagis viridicata)
YELLOW-BELLIED ELAENIA (Elaenia flavogaster)
LARGE ELAENIA (Elaenia spectabilis)
SMALL-BILLED ELAENIA (Elaenia parvirostris)
PLAIN-CRESTED ELAENIA (Elaenia cristata)
OCHRE-BELLIED FLYCATCHER (Mionectes oleagineus) [*]
SEPIA-CAPPED FLYCATCHER (Leptopogon amaurocephalus)
SLENDER-FOOTED TYRANNULET (Zimmerius gracilipes)
SOUTHERN SCRUB-FLYCATCHER (Sublegatus modestus)
PLAIN TYRANNULET (Inezia inornata)
AMAZONIAN TYRANNULET (Inezia subflava)
This male Spangled Cotinga's electrifying plumage had us all in awe on our first morning at Cristalino. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
SOUTHERN ANTPIPIT (Corythopis delalandi) SHORT-TAILED PYGMY-TYRANT (Myiornis ecaudatus) [*]
HELMETED PYGMY-TYRANT (Lophotriccus galeatus)
WHITE-BELLIED TODY-TYRANT (Hemitriccus griseipectus)
PEARLY-VENTED TODY-TYRANT (Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer)
RUSTY-FRONTED TODY-FLYCATCHER (Poecilotriccus latirostris)
COMMON TODY-FLYCATCHER (Todirostrum cinereum)
YELLOW-OLIVE FLYCATCHER (Tolmomyias sulphurescens)
YELLOW-MARGINED FLYCATCHER (Tolmomyias assimilis)
GRAY-CROWNED FLYCATCHER (Tolmomyias poliocephalus)
YELLOW-BREASTED FLYCATCHER (Tolmomyias flaviventris)
WHITE-CRESTED SPADEBILL (Platyrinchus platyrhynchos)
ROYAL FLYCATCHER (Onychorhynchus coronatus)
FUSCOUS FLYCATCHER (Cnemotriccus fuscatus) [*]
VERMILION FLYCATCHER (Pyrocephalus rubinus)
DRAB WATER TYRANT (Ochthornis littoralis)
WHITE-RUMPED MONJITA (Xolmis velatus)
BLACK-BACKED WATER-TYRANT (Fluvicola albiventer)
CATTLE TYRANT (Machetornis rixosa)
LARGE-HEADED FLATBILL (Ramphotrigon megacephalum)
RUFOUS-TAILED FLATBILL (Ramphotrigon ruficauda)
CINNAMON ATTILA (Attila cinnamomeus) [*]
BRIGHT-RUMPED ATTILA (Attila spadiceus)
SIBILANT SIRYSTES (Sirystes sibilator)
RUFOUS CASIORNIS (Casiornis rufus)
GRAYISH MOURNER (Rhytipterna simplex)
DUSKY-CAPPED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus tuberculifer) [*]
SWAINSON'S FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus swainsoni)
SHORT-CRESTED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus ferox)
BROWN-CRESTED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus tyrannulus)
LESSER KISKADEE (Pitangus lictor)
GREAT KISKADEE (Pitangus sulphuratus)
BOAT-BILLED FLYCATCHER (Megarynchus pitangua)
RUSTY-MARGINED FLYCATCHER (Myiozetetes cayanensis)
VARIEGATED FLYCATCHER (Empidonomus varius)
CROWNED SLATY FLYCATCHER (Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus)
TROPICAL KINGBIRD (Tyrannus melancholicus)
Cotingidae (Cotingas)
AMAZONIAN UMBRELLABIRD (Cephalopterus ornatus)
SPANGLED COTINGA (Cotinga cayana)
SCREAMING PIHA (Lipaugus vociferans) [*]
POMPADOUR COTINGA (Xipholena punicea)
BARE-NECKED FRUITCROW (Gymnoderus foetidus)
Pipridae (Manakins)
DWARF TYRANT-MANAKIN (Tyranneutes stolzmanni)
HELMETED MANAKIN (Antilophia galeata)
BLUE-BACKED MANAKIN (Chiroxiphia pareola regina) [*]
SNOW-CAPPED MANAKIN (Lepidothrix nattereri)
BAND-TAILED MANAKIN (Pipra fasciicauda)
RED-HEADED MANAKIN (Ceratopipra rubrocapilla)
WING-BARRED PIPRITES (Piprites chloris) [*]
Tityridae (Tityras and Allies)
This male Pompadour Cotinga came surprisingly close to the observation tower, giving our group incredible looks at this Amazonian gem. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
BLACK-TAILED TITYRA (Tityra cayana) BLACK-CROWNED TITYRA (Tityra inquisitor)
MASKED TITYRA (Tityra semifasciata)
VARZEA SCHIFFORNIS (Schiffornis major) [*]
BROWN-WINGED SCHIFFORNIS (Schiffornis turdina) [*]
CINEREOUS MOURNER (Laniocera hypopyrra) [*]
WHITE-BROWED PURPLETUFT (Iodopleura isabellae)
GREEN-BACKED BECARD (Pachyramphus viridis)
WHITE-WINGED BECARD (Pachyramphus polychopterus)
CRESTED BECARD (Pachyramphus validus) [*]
Vireonidae (Vireos, Shrike-Babblers, and Erpornis)
RED-EYED VIREO (MIGRATORY CHIVI) (Vireo olivaceus chivi)
GRAY-CHESTED GREENLET (Hylophilus semicinereus) [*]
ASHY-HEADED GREENLET (Hylophilus pectoralis)
DUSKY-CAPPED GREENLET (Hylophilus hypoxanthus)
TAWNY-CROWNED GREENLET (Hylophilus ochraceiceps)
SLATY-CAPPED SHRIKE-VIREO (Vireolanius leucotis)
RUFOUS-BROWED PEPPERSHRIKE (Cyclarhis gujanensis)
Corvidae (Crows, Jays, and Magpies)
PURPLISH JAY (Cyanocorax cyanomelas)
CURL-CRESTED JAY (Cyanocorax cristatellus)
Hirundinidae (Swallows)
WHITE-BANDED SWALLOW (Atticora fasciata)
SOUTHERN ROUGH-WINGED SWALLOW (Stelgidopteryx ruficollis)
GRAY-BREASTED MARTIN (Progne chalybea)
BROWN-CHESTED MARTIN (FUSCA) (Progne tapera fusca)
WHITE-WINGED SWALLOW (Tachycineta albiventer)
Troglodytidae (Wrens)
TOOTH-BILLED WREN (Odontorchilus cinereus)
HOUSE WREN (Troglodytes aedon)
THRUSH-LIKE WREN (Campylorhynchus turdinus hypostictus)
THRUSH-LIKE WREN (Campylorhynchus turdinus unicolor)
MOUSTACHED WREN (Pheugopedius genibarbis)
BUFF-BREASTED WREN (Cantorchilus leucotis)
FAWN-BREASTED WREN (Cantorchilus guarayanus)
MUSICIAN WREN (Cyphorhinus arada)
Polioptilidae (Gnatcatchers)
LONG-BILLED GNATWREN (Ramphocaenus melanurus)
GUIANAN GNATCATCHER (Polioptila guianensis)
MASKED GNATCATCHER (Polioptila dumicola)
Donacobiidae (Donacobius)
BLACK-CAPPED DONACOBIUS (Donacobius atricapilla)
Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies)
PALE-BREASTED THRUSH (Turdus leucomelas)
RUFOUS-BELLIED THRUSH (Turdus rufiventris)
Mimidae (Mockingbirds and Thrashers)
A fruiting tree near one of the towers at Cristalino produced some great close up looks at birds such as this male Yellow-backed Tanager. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
CHALK-BROWED MOCKINGBIRD (Mimus saturninus) Motacillidae (Wagtails and Pipits)
YELLOWISH PIPIT (Anthus lutescens)
Parulidae (New World Warblers)
MASKED YELLOWTHROAT (Geothlypis aequinoctialis)
TROPICAL PARULA (Setophaga pitiayumi)
GOLDEN-CROWNED WARBLER (WHITE-BELLIED) (Basileuterus culicivorus hypoleucus)
FLAVESCENT WARBLER (Myiothlypis flaveola)
Thraupidae (Tanagers and Allies)
RED-CRESTED CARDINAL (Paroaria coronata)
YELLOW-BILLED CARDINAL (Paroaria capitata)
BLACK-FACED TANAGER (Schistochlamys melanopis)
WHITE-BANDED TANAGER (Neothraupis fasciata)
RED-BILLED PIED TANAGER (Lamprospiza melanoleuca)
HOODED TANAGER (Nemosia pileata)
WHITE-RUMPED TANAGER (Cypsnagra hirundinacea)
GRAY-HEADED TANAGER (Eucometis penicillata)
FLAME-CRESTED TANAGER (Tachyphonus cristatus)
WHITE-SHOULDERED TANAGER (Tachyphonus luctuosus)
WHITE-LINED TANAGER (Tachyphonus rufus)
WHITE-WINGED SHRIKE-TANAGER (Lanio versicolor)
SILVER-BEAKED TANAGER (Ramphocelus carbo)
SAYACA TANAGER (Thraupis sayaca)
PALM TANAGER (Thraupis palmarum)
BURNISHED-BUFF TANAGER (Tangara cayana)
BLUE-NECKED TANAGER (Tangara cyanicollis)
TURQUOISE TANAGER (Tangara mexicana)
PARADISE TANAGER (Tangara chilensis)
OPAL-RUMPED TANAGER (Tangara velia)
BAY-HEADED TANAGER (Tangara gyrola)
BLACK-FACED DACNIS (Dacnis lineata)
YELLOW-BELLIED DACNIS (Dacnis flaviventer)
BLUE DACNIS (Dacnis cayana)
SHORT-BILLED HONEYCREEPER (Cyanerpes nitidus)
GREEN HONEYCREEPER (Chlorophanes spiza)
YELLOW-BACKED TANAGER (Hemithraupis flavicollis)
CHESTNUT-VENTED CONEBILL (Conirostrum speciosum)
SAFFRON FINCH (Sicalis flaveola)
BLUE-BLACK GRASSQUIT (Volatinia jacarina)
PLUMBEOUS SEEDEATER (Sporophila plumbea)
RUSTY-COLLARED SEEDEATER (Sporophila collaris)
COAL-CRESTED FINCH (Charitospiza eucosma)
RED-CRESTED FINCH (Coryphospingus cucullatus)
BANANAQUIT (Coereba flaveola)
YELLOW-SHOULDERED GROSBEAK (Parkerthraustes humeralis)
BLACK-THROATED SALTATOR (Saltator atricollis)
BUFF-THROATED SALTATOR (Saltator maximus)
GRAYISH SALTATOR (Saltator coerulescens)
SLATE-COLORED GROSBEAK (Saltator grossus)
Emberizidae (Buntings and New World Sparrows)
PECTORAL SPARROW (Arremon taciturnus)
Seeing a Jaguar on the road is a rare treat that our group enjoyed an amazing four times on this tour. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
SAFFRON-BILLED SPARROW (Arremon flavirostris) GRASSLAND SPARROW (Ammodramus humeralis)
Cardinalidae (Cardinals and Allies)
ROSE-BREASTED CHAT (Granatellus pelzelni)
Icteridae (Troupials and Allies)
RED-BREASTED BLACKBIRD (Sturnella militaris)
CHOPI BLACKBIRD (Gnorimopsar chopi)
SCARLET-HEADED BLACKBIRD (Amblyramphus holosericeus)
UNICOLORED BLACKBIRD (Agelasticus cyanopus)
SHINY COWBIRD (Molothrus bonariensis)
GIANT COWBIRD (Molothrus oryzivorus)
EPAULET ORIOLE (Icterus cayanensis)
VARIABLE ORIOLE (Icterus pyrrhopterus)
ORANGE-BACKED TROUPIAL (Icterus croconotus) [*]
SOLITARY BLACK CACIQUE (Cacicus solitarius)
YELLOW-RUMPED CACIQUE (Cacicus cela)
CRESTED OROPENDOLA (Psarocolius decumanus)
OLIVE OROPENDOLA (Psarocolius bifasciatus yuracares)
Fringillidae (Finches, Euphonias, and Allies)
PURPLE-THROATED EUPHONIA (Euphonia chlorotica)
THICK-BILLED EUPHONIA (Euphonia laniirostris)
GOLDEN-BELLIED EUPHONIA (Euphonia chrysopasta)
RUFOUS-BELLIED EUPHONIA (Euphonia rufiventris)
Passeridae (Old World Sparrows)
HOUSE SPARROW (Passer domesticus)
GREATER BULLDOG BAT (Noctilio leporinus)
SILVERY MARMOSET (Callithrix argentata)
DUSKY TITI MONKEY (Callicebus moloch)
RED-HANDED HOWLER MONKEY (Alouatta belzebul)
WHITE-NOSED BEARDED SAKI MONKEY (Chiropotes albinasus)
BROWN CAPUCHIN (Cebus apella)
This Brazilian Tapir was one of the mammalian highlights of our time at Cristalino. Photo by guide Marcelo Padua.
WHITE-WHISKERED SPIDER MONKEY (Ateles marginatus) CAPYBARA (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris)
AZARA'S AGOUTI (Dasyprocta azarae)
RED-RUMPED AGOUTI (Dasyprocta agouti)
CRAB-EATING FOX (Cerdocyon thous)
SOUTH AMERICAN COATI (Nasua nasua)
GIANT OTTER (Pteronura brasiliensis)
JAGUAR (Panthera onca)
BRAZILIAN TAPIR (Tapirus terrestris)
COLLARED PECCARY (Tayassu tajacu)
WHITE-LIPPED PECCARY (Tayassu pecari)
MARSH DEER (Blastocerus dichotomus)
RED BROCKET DEER (Mazama americana)
BROWN BROCKET DEER (Mazama gouazoubira)
Totals for the tour: 470 bird taxa and 20 mammal taxa