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We stopped at the Pecos River Overlook on our way to Big Bend. Photo by guide Micah Riegner.
On a balmy Texas afternoon in late April, 13 birders from across the country (and the UK) converged on the sidewalk of the San Antonio Airport, objective lenses clean, diopters adjusted. Two shiny black Mercedes Sprinter vans swooped into the airport pickup lane and the birders piled in: their first destination Del Rio, Texas. In the drivers’ seats were Chris, a veteran of many Big Bend adventures, and Micah, first timer to this corner of Texas.
Excitement was high as they weaved through the traffic, leaving the concrete spaghetti behind. Their first stop—a roadside rest area where they scoped their first Couch’s Kingbirds (remember: olive back does not contrast with the tail!), and Scissortails on the wire fences. The birders arrived in Del Rio by late afternoon, filled their grumbling stomachs and went to bed, eagerly awaiting the day ahead. They filed back into the Sprinters before sunrise and sprinted off to bird the Rio Grande valley, where Olive Sparrows and Long-billed Thrashers awaited in lush floodplain vegetation. Other highlights from the Rio Grande were Morelet’s Seedeater, which everyone saw more or less, and an unanticipated Great Kiskadee, a reminder of how close they were to the tropics.
From Del Rio, they shot to Big Bend National Park, covering hundreds of miles before they could see the jagged Chisos Mountains on the Texas horizon. Their stay at Big Bend was punctuated by many moments of awe, excitement, and exhaustion, especially after that Colima climb! Besides the regular Big Bend assortment of Gray Hawk, Lucifer Hummingbird, and Varied Bunting, the birders also saw Slate-throated Redstart and Tropical Parula, two rarities establishing territories well north of their Mexican homeland. And those weren’t the only novelties—a Short-tailed Hawk also flew by along the jagged pinnacles, one of the few records for that part of Texas. Another highlight of birding Big Bend was the flurry of warblers that came down to drink at a small pool at Boot Springs. Among the mix were Colima, Townsend’s, and Hermit Warblers, Black-crested Titmice, Townsend’s Solitaire, and a couple of Hermit Thrushes. Unfortunately, the Slate-throated Redstart didn’t come down to drink, but folks had good looks as it sang in the canopy.
After a satisfying retreat at Big Bend, they drove north to the juniper-clad hillsides of the Davis Mountains where they watched an Elf Owl emerge from a telephone-pole nest-cavity carved by an Acorn Woodpecker. The diminutive thing stared from the hole for several minutes before trading spots with its mate that was waiting in a nearby oak.
The last leg of the trip they spent in the Texas Hill Country, but to get there they had to traverse hundreds of miles of open flat country where they had a close roadside encounter with Scaled Quail singing from the top of a shrub. They scanned Lake Balmorhea for shorebirds and found a handful of Phalaropes and Dowitchers in the shallow corner of the lake, but not much else because the water was so high.
Lost Maples State Natural Area is one of the best places to see the famed Golden-cheeked Warbler. These stunning birds spend their winters in the oak-covered hills of Nicaragua and breed on the Edwards Plateau, Texas. When the group arrived in Lost Maples, anticipation was palpable. They struggled initially with some distant views but were rewarded when a Golden-cheek came down to the ground to mob a snake only 20 feet away. The saffron cheeks outlined in ebony in the dappled light of the understory made for a dazzling sight.
The Black-capped Vireo is another must-see specialty of the Edwards Plateau. This snazzy little vireo spends the winter in the tropical thornscrub of west Mexico and breeds in juniper shrublands of central Texas. Despite its flashy spectacles, it’s not an easy bird to see. After nearly an hour of trying to see the darn bird, everyone in the group got at least a glimpse of it as it danced from juniper to juniper almost magically evading detection.
The tour concluded at the mouth of the Rio Frio Bat Cave, where millions of Brazilian Free-tailed Bats emerged after dark. They fanned out into multiple plumes, which weaved and flowed back into one another as they winked out in the darkening sky.
Thanks to all for a great tour! We hope to see you again soon. Also, thanks to Karen for setting everything up, and Peg and Sharon for the fabulous picnic dinner at the Rio Frio Bat Cave.
Micah and Chris
KEYS FOR THIS LIST
One of the following keys may be shown in brackets for individual species as appropriate: * = heard only, I = introduced, E = endemic, N = nesting, a = austral migrant, b = boreal migrant
Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, and Waterfowl)
BLACK-BELLIED WHISTLING-DUCK (Dendrocygna autumnalis)
BLUE-WINGED TEAL (Spatula discors)
NORTHERN SHOVELER (Spatula clypeata)
GADWALL (Mareca strepera)
MALLARD (NORTHERN) (Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos)
MALLARD (MEXICAN) (Anas platyrhynchos diazi)
LESSER SCAUP (Aythya affinis)
BUFFLEHEAD (Bucephala albeola)
RUDDY DUCK (Oxyura jamaicensis)

This Scaled Quail sat out along the road and sang for several minutes. Photo by guide Micah Riegner.
Odontophoridae (New World Quail)
NORTHERN BOBWHITE (Colinus virginianus) [*]
SCALED QUAIL (Callipepla squamata)
MONTEZUMA QUAIL (Cyrtonyx montezumae) [*]
Phasianidae (Pheasants, Grouse, and Allies)
WILD TURKEY (Meleagris gallopavo)
Podicipedidae (Grebes)
PIED-BILLED GREBE (Podilymbus podiceps)
WESTERN GREBE (Aechmophorus occidentalis)
CLARK'S GREBE (Aechmophorus clarkii)
Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants and Shags)
NEOTROPIC CORMORANT (Phalacrocorax brasilianus)
Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns)
GREAT BLUE HERON (Ardea herodias)
GREAT EGRET (Ardea alba)
SNOWY EGRET (Egretta thula)
CATTLE EGRET (Bubulcus ibis)
GREEN HERON (Butorides virescens)
BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT-HERON (Nycticorax nycticorax)
Threskiornithidae (Ibises and Spoonbills)
WHITE-FACED IBIS (Plegadis chihi)
Cathartidae (New World Vultures)
BLACK VULTURE (Coragyps atratus)
TURKEY VULTURE (Cathartes aura)
Pandionidae (Osprey)
OSPREY (Pandion haliaetus)
Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)
SHARP-SHINNED HAWK (Accipiter striatus)
COOPER'S HAWK (Accipiter cooperii)
COMMON BLACK HAWK (Buteogallus anthracinus)
HARRIS'S HAWK (Parabuteo unicinctus)
GRAY HAWK (Buteo plagiatus)
RED-SHOULDERED HAWK (Buteo lineatus)
BROAD-WINGED HAWK (Buteo platypterus)
SHORT-TAILED HAWK (Buteo brachyurus)
SWAINSON'S HAWK (Buteo swainsoni)
ZONE-TAILED HAWK (Buteo albonotatus)
RED-TAILED HAWK (Buteo jamaicensis)

Birders bundled up in the desert. Photo by guide Micah Riegner.
Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, and Coots)
VIRGINIA RAIL (Rallus limicola) [*]
SORA (Porzana carolina) [*]
COMMON GALLINULE (Gallinula galeata)
AMERICAN COOT (Fulica americana)
Recurvirostridae (Stilts and Avocets)
BLACK-NECKED STILT (Himantopus mexicanus)
Charadriidae (Plovers and Lapwings)
KILLDEER (Charadrius vociferus)
Scolopacidae (Sandpipers and Allies)
LEAST SANDPIPER (Calidris minutilla)
LONG-BILLED DOWITCHER (Limnodromus scolopaceus)
WILSON'S PHALAROPE (Phalaropus tricolor)
SPOTTED SANDPIPER (Actitis macularius)
GREATER YELLOWLEGS (Tringa melanoleuca)
Laridae (Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers)
BLACK TERN (Chlidonias niger)
FORSTER'S TERN (Sterna forsteri)
Columbidae (Pigeons and Doves)
ROCK PIGEON (Columba livia) [I]
EURASIAN COLLARED-DOVE (Streptopelia decaocto) [I]
INCA DOVE (Columbina inca)
COMMON GROUND-DOVE (Columbina passerina)
WHITE-TIPPED DOVE (WHITE-TIPPED) (Leptotila verreauxi angelica) [*]
WHITE-WINGED DOVE (Zenaida asiatica)
MOURNING DOVE (Zenaida macroura)
Cuculidae (Cuckoos)
GREATER ROADRUNNER (Geococcyx californianus)
Strigidae (Owls)
EASTERN SCREECH-OWL (Megascops asio) [*]
GREAT HORNED OWL (Bubo virginianus)
ELF OWL (Micrathene whitneyi)
Caprimulgidae (Nightjars and Allies)
LESSER NIGHTHAWK (Chordeiles acutipennis)
COMMON POORWILL (Phalaenoptilus nuttallii) [*]
Apodidae (Swifts)
CHIMNEY SWIFT (Chaetura pelagica)
WHITE-THROATED SWIFT (Aeronautes saxatalis)
Trochilidae (Hummingbirds)
BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD (Lampornis clemenciae)
LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRD (Calothorax lucifer)
BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD (Archilochus alexandri)
BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (Selasphorus platycercus)
The Brazilian Free-tailed Bats put on quite a show at the Rio Frio Bat Cave. Video by guide Micah Riegner.
Alcedinidae (Kingfishers)
RINGED KINGFISHER (Megaceryle torquata)
GREEN KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle americana)
Picidae (Woodpeckers)
ACORN WOODPECKER (Melanerpes formicivorus)
GOLDEN-FRONTED WOODPECKER (Melanerpes aurifrons)
LADDER-BACKED WOODPECKER (Picoides scalaris)
NORTHERN FLICKER (Colaptes auratus)
Falconidae (Falcons and Caracaras)
CRESTED CARACARA (Caracara cheriway)
AMERICAN KESTREL (Falco sparverius)
Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers)
OLIVE-SIDED FLYCATCHER (Contopus cooperi)
WESTERN WOOD-PEWEE (Contopus sordidulus)
EASTERN WOOD-PEWEE (Contopus virens)
ACADIAN FLYCATCHER (Empidonax virescens)
HAMMOND'S FLYCATCHER (Empidonax hammondii)
DUSKY FLYCATCHER (Empidonax oberholseri)
CORDILLERAN FLYCATCHER (Empidonax occidentalis)
BLACK PHOEBE (Sayornis nigricans)
EASTERN PHOEBE (Sayornis phoebe)
SAY'S PHOEBE (Sayornis saya)
VERMILION FLYCATCHER (Pyrocephalus rubinus)
DUSKY-CAPPED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus tuberculifer)
ASH-THROATED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus cinerascens)
BROWN-CRESTED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus tyrannulus)
GREAT KISKADEE (Pitangus sulphuratus)
COUCH'S KINGBIRD (Tyrannus couchii)
CASSIN'S KINGBIRD (Tyrannus vociferans)
WESTERN KINGBIRD (Tyrannus verticalis)
SCISSOR-TAILED FLYCATCHER (Tyrannus forficatus)
Laniidae (Shrikes)
LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE (Lanius ludovicianus)
Vireonidae (Vireos, Shrike-Babblers, and Erpornis)
BLACK-CAPPED VIREO (Vireo atricapilla)
WHITE-EYED VIREO (Vireo griseus)
BELL'S VIREO (Vireo bellii)
GRAY VIREO (Vireo vicinior)
HUTTON'S VIREO (Vireo huttoni)
YELLOW-THROATED VIREO (Vireo flavifrons)
PLUMBEOUS VIREO (Vireo plumbeus)
WARBLING VIREO (Vireo gilvus)
RED-EYED VIREO (Vireo olivaceus)

Micah's watercolor study of Lesser Nighthawks in flight. We saw them flying around in the daytime near Santa Elena Canyon at Big Bend.
Corvidae (Crows, Jays, and Magpies)
GREEN JAY (Cyanocorax yncas)
WOODHOUSE'S SCRUB-JAY (Aphelocoma woodhouseii)
MEXICAN JAY (Aphelocoma wollweberi)
CHIHUAHUAN RAVEN (Corvus cryptoleucus)
COMMON RAVEN (Corvus corax)
Hirundinidae (Swallows)
NORTHERN ROUGH-WINGED SWALLOW (Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
PURPLE MARTIN (Progne subis)
BANK SWALLOW (Riparia riparia)
BARN SWALLOW (Hirundo rustica)
CLIFF SWALLOW (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota)
CAVE SWALLOW (Petrochelidon fulva)
Paridae (Tits, Chickadees, and Titmice)
CAROLINA CHICKADEE (Poecile carolinensis)

Micah's watercolor study of Black-capped Vireo habitat on the Edwards Plateau.
BLACK-CRESTED TITMOUSE (Baeolophus atricristatus)
Remizidae (Penduline-Tits)
VERDIN (Auriparus flaviceps)
Aegithalidae (Long-tailed Tits)
BUSHTIT (Psaltriparus minimus)
Sittidae (Nuthatches)
WHITE-BREASTED NUTHATCH (Sitta carolinensis)
Troglodytidae (Wrens)
ROCK WREN (Salpinctes obsoletus) [*]
CANYON WREN (Catherpes mexicanus)
HOUSE WREN (Troglodytes aedon) [*]
CAROLINA WREN (Thryothorus ludovicianus)
BEWICK'S WREN (Thryomanes bewickii)
CACTUS WREN (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus)
Polioptilidae (Gnatcatchers)
BLUE-GRAY GNATCATCHER (Polioptila caerulea)
BLACK-TAILED GNATCATCHER (Polioptila melanura)
Regulidae (Kinglets)
RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET (Regulus calendula)
Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies)
EASTERN BLUEBIRD (Sialia sialis)
WESTERN BLUEBIRD (Sialia mexicana)
TOWNSEND'S SOLITAIRE (Myadestes townsendi)
HERMIT THRUSH (Catharus guttatus)
Mimidae (Mockingbirds and Thrashers)
GRAY CATBIRD (Dumetella carolinensis)
CURVE-BILLED THRASHER (Toxostoma curvirostre)
LONG-BILLED THRASHER (Toxostoma longirostre)

Participant Dixie Sommers captured this Canyon Wren at the Rio Frio Bat Cave.
NORTHERN MOCKINGBIRD (Mimus polyglottos)
Sturnidae (Starlings)
EUROPEAN STARLING (Sturnus vulgaris) [I]
Motacillidae (Wagtails and Pipits)
AMERICAN PIPIT (Anthus rubescens)
Bombycillidae (Waxwings)
CEDAR WAXWING (Bombycilla cedrorum)
Ptiliogonatidae (Silky-flycatchers)
PHAINOPEPLA (Phainopepla nitens)
Parulidae (New World Warblers)
LOUISIANA WATERTHRUSH (Parkesia motacilla) [*]
BLACK-AND-WHITE WARBLER (Mniotilta varia)
COLIMA WARBLER (Oreothlypis crissalis)
LUCY'S WARBLER (Oreothlypis luciae)
NASHVILLE WARBLER (Oreothlypis ruficapilla)
COMMON YELLOWTHROAT (Geothlypis trichas) [*]
TROPICAL PARULA (NORTHEAST MEXICO) (Setophaga pitiayumi nigrilora)
YELLOW WARBLER (Setophaga petechia)
YELLOW-RUMPED WARBLER (MYRTLE) (Setophaga coronata coronata)
YELLOW-RUMPED WARBLER (AUDUBON'S) (Setophaga coronata auduboni)
YELLOW-THROATED WARBLER (Setophaga dominica)
TOWNSEND'S WARBLER (Setophaga townsendi)
HERMIT WARBLER (Setophaga occidentalis)
GOLDEN-CHEEKED WARBLER (Setophaga chrysoparia)
WILSON'S WARBLER (Cardellina pusilla)
PAINTED REDSTART (Myioborus pictus)
SLATE-THROATED REDSTART (Myioborus miniatus)

Participant Dixie Sommers photographed this Morelet's Seedeater while we were birding near Del Rio.
Thraupidae (Tanagers and Allies)
WHITE-COLLARED SEEDEATER (WHITE-COLLARED) (Sporophila torqueola sharpei)
Passerellidae (New World Buntings and Sparrows)
CASSIN'S SPARROW (Peucaea cassinii)
GRASSHOPPER SPARROW (Ammodramus savannarum)
OLIVE SPARROW (Arremonops rufivirgatus)
CHIPPING SPARROW (Spizella passerina)
CLAY-COLORED SPARROW (Spizella pallida)
FIELD SPARROW (Spizella pusilla)
BLACK-THROATED SPARROW (Amphispiza bilineata)
LARK SPARROW (Chondestes grammacus)
LARK BUNTING (Calamospiza melanocorys)
DARK-EYED JUNCO (GRAY-HEADED) (Junco hyemalis caniceps)
WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
WHITE-THROATED SPARROW (Zonotrichia albicollis)
VESPER SPARROW (Pooecetes gramineus)
LINCOLN'S SPARROW (Melospiza lincolnii)
CANYON TOWHEE (Melozone fusca)
RUFOUS-CROWNED SPARROW (Aimophila ruficeps)
SPOTTED TOWHEE (Pipilo maculatus)
Icteriidae (Yellow-breasted Chat)
YELLOW-BREASTED CHAT (Icteria virens)
Cardinalidae (Cardinals and Allies)
HEPATIC TANAGER (Piranga flava)
SUMMER TANAGER (Piranga rubra)
WESTERN TANAGER (Piranga ludoviciana)
NORTHERN CARDINAL (Cardinalis cardinalis)
PYRRHULOXIA (Cardinalis sinuatus)
BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK (Pheucticus melanocephalus)
BLUE GROSBEAK (Passerina caerulea)
INDIGO BUNTING (Passerina cyanea)
VARIED BUNTING (Passerina versicolor)
PAINTED BUNTING (Passerina ciris)
DICKCISSEL (Spiza americana)

Participant Norman Spurling photographed this handsome Hepatic Tanager at Big Bend.
Icteridae (Troupials and Allies)
YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus)
EASTERN MEADOWLARK (Sturnella magna)
ORCHARD ORIOLE (Icterus spurius)
HOODED ORIOLE (Icterus cucullatus)
BULLOCK'S ORIOLE (Icterus bullockii)
SCOTT'S ORIOLE (Icterus parisorum)
RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD (Agelaius phoeniceus)
BRONZED COWBIRD (Molothrus aeneus)
BROWN-HEADED COWBIRD (Molothrus ater)
BREWER'S BLACKBIRD (Euphagus cyanocephalus)
COMMON GRACKLE (Quiscalus quiscula)
GREAT-TAILED GRACKLE (Quiscalus mexicanus)
Fringillidae (Finches, Euphonias, and Allies)
HOUSE FINCH (Haemorhous mexicanus)
PINE SISKIN (Spinus pinus)
LESSER GOLDFINCH (Spinus psaltria)
AMERICAN GOLDFINCH (Spinus tristis)
Passeridae (Old World Sparrows)
HOUSE SPARROW (Passer domesticus) [I]
BRAZILIAN FREE-TAILED BAT (Tadarida brasiliensis)
EASTERN COTTONTAIL (Sylvilagus floridanus)
DESERT COTTONTAIL (Sylvilagus audubonii)
BLACK-TAILED JACKRABBIT (Lepus californicus)
MEXICAN GROUND SQUIRREL (Spermophilus mexicanus)
ROCK SQUIRREL (Spermophilus variegatus)

Flat-headed Snakes are rarely seen out in the open. Photo by guide Micah Riegner.
FOX SQUIRREL (Sciurus niger)
COYOTE (Canis latrans)
SPOTTED DEER (Axis axis) [I]
MULE DEER (Odocoileus hemionus)
WHITE-TAILED DEER (Odocoileus virginianus)
PRONGHORN (Antilocapra americana)
BLACKBUCK (Antilope cervicapra) [I]
BARBARY SHEEP (Ammotragus lervia) [I]
Herps
CREVICE SPINY LIZARD (Sceloporus pointsettii)
EASTERN FENCE LIZARD (Sceloporus undulatus)
RED STRIPE RIBBON SNAKE (Thamnophis proximus)
FLAT-HEADED SNAKE (Tantilla gracilis )
DIAMONDBACK WATERSNAKE (Nerodia rhombifer)
Totals for the tour: 208 bird taxa and 14 mammal taxa