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Rheidae (Rheas)

GREATER RHEA (Rhea americana)

Great looks at these odd looking birds right outside our lodge in the Pantanal.

Tinamidae (Tinamous)

SOLITARY TINAMOU (Tinamus solitarius) [*]

BROWN TINAMOU (Crypturellus obsoletus) [*]

UNDULATED TINAMOU (Crypturellus undulatus)

After hearing it several times in the Pantanal, we managed to get a look at this elusive species at Piuval lodge.

SMALL-BILLED TINAMOU (Crypturellus parvirostris) [*]

Anhimidae (Screamers)

SOUTHERN SCREAMER (Chauna torquata)

We heard the Screamer screaming, and saw it several times in the Pantanal.

Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, and Waterfowl)

WHITE-FACED WHISTLING-DUCK (Dendrocygna viduata)

Found in large numbers in the Pantanal.

BLACK-BELLIED WHISTLING-DUCK (Dendrocygna autumnalis)

MUSCOVY DUCK (Cairina moschata)

Always nice to see a bird that has been domesticated in so many places in their natural habitat.

Cracidae (Guans, Chachalacas, and Curassows)

CHACO CHACHALACA (Ortalis canicollis)

Seen and heard every day in the Pantanal.

DUSKY-LEGGED GUAN (Penelope obscura)

We had multiple encounters with a pair of birds rearing chicks at Intervales.

CHESTNUT-BELLIED GUAN (Penelope ochrogaster)

A common sight around our lodge at Rio Claro.

BLUE-THROATED PIPING-GUAN (Pipile cumanensis)

Several individuals seen during our boat trip at Piuval.

RED-THROATED PIPING-GUAN (Pipile cujubi)

Also seen from the boat at Piuval.

BLACK-FRONTED PIPING-GUAN (Pipile jacutinga) [E]

We had a magical encounter with this endangered species as the sun was setting at the falls in Iguaçu, and several birds landed above our heads.

BARE-FACED CURASSOW (Crax fasciolata)

Surprisingly few sightings of this species in the Pantanal where it is a relatively common species.

Odontophoridae (New World Quail)

SPOT-WINGED WOOD-QUAIL (Odontophorus capueira) [E*]

Columbidae (Pigeons and Doves)

ROCK PIGEON (Columba livia)

PALE-VENTED PIGEON (Patagioenas cayennensis)

Kerry spotted the first one for us as we drove back to Sao Paulo from Intervales.

PICAZURO PIGEON (Patagioenas picazuro)

PLAIN-BREASTED GROUND DOVE (Columbina minuta)

A few individuals spotted along the access road to Rio Claro Lodge.

RUDDY GROUND DOVE (Columbina talpacoti)

The most common of the ground doves seen on the tour.

SCALED DOVE (Columbina squammata)

A relative of the Inca Dove found in the US.

PICUI GROUND DOVE (Columbina picui)

Seen on the very last day as we headed to Cuiaba.

LONG-TAILED GROUND DOVE (Uropelia campestris)

Great looks at this ornate Ground Dove in the Pantanal.

WHITE-TIPPED DOVE (Leptotila verreauxi)

A common sight around the open areas at Intervales.

EARED DOVE (Zenaida auriculata)

Cuculidae (Cuckoos)

GUIRA CUCKOO (Guira guira)

These miniature dinosaurs are common in open areas, and are always a joy to watch.

GREATER ANI (Crotophaga major)

A migrant species that comes to the Pantanal from the Amazon around this time of year. They were found in large numbers along the rivers in the Pantanal during our visit.

SMOOTH-BILLED ANI (Crotophaga ani)

Common and widespread.

STRIPED CUCKOO (Tapera naevia)

Always nice to lay eyes on this species that is far more often heard than seen.

LITTLE CUCKOO (Coccycua minuta)

t took quite a bit of work but we managed to see this species during our boat trip at Piuval.

SQUIRREL CUCKOO (Piaya cayana)

Far more common than the Little Cuckoo.

DARK-BILLED CUCKOO (Coccyzus melacoryphus)

We found this Austral migrant near the reception at Intervales on our first morning there.

PEARLY-BREASTED CUCKOO (Coccyzus euleri)

We found this rarely seen cuckoo on the Poço Preto trail on the Brazilian side of the Falls.

Caprimulgidae (Nightjars and Allies)

NACUNDA NIGHTHAWK (Chordeiles nacunda)

Great views of this huge nighthawk in the Pantanal.

BAND-TAILED NIGHTHAWK (Nyctiprogne leucopyga)

A pre-breakfast outing in the Pantanal resulted in spectacular views of these birds.

COMMON PAURAQUE (Nyctidromus albicollis)

We had one individual that sat on the driveway of our lodge at intervales. Also common in the Pantanal.

Nyctibiidae (Potoos)

GREAT POTOO (Nyctibius grandis)

After hearing its distinctive vocalizations in the Pantanal on a couple of nights, we managed to see one on our third night and after some creative use of the headlights of the van and the spotting scope we managed to get pretty good looks at it.

COMMON POTOO (Nyctibius griseus)

Betinho, our local guide at Intervales, spotted one of these handsome birds while we were looking for an owl, and we had great scope views of the perched bird. It is always fun to see them at night and look at those great big yellow eyes.

Apodidae (Swifts)

GREAT DUSKY SWIFT (Cypseloides senex) [E]

One of the great shows at Iguaçu is seeing these spectacular birds circling around over the falls and then dropping from the sky as they go to roost behind the falls.

WHITE-COLLARED SWIFT (Streptoprocne zonaris)

Several sightings of large groups of these swifts flying low over the reception area at Intervales.

SICK'S SWIFT (Chaetura meridionalis)

A much smaller swift that we saw a few times at Iguazu.

Trochilidae (Hummingbirds)

BLACK JACOBIN (Florisuga fusca) [E]

It was nice to connect with this species at the feeders in Iguazu after seeing it briefly in the wild.

DUSKY-THROATED HERMIT (Phaethornis squalidus)

We had close up views of an individual perched at close range.

CINNAMON-THROATED HERMIT (Phaethornis nattereri)

We saw this range restricted species in the Pantanal.

BUFF-BELLIED HERMIT (Phaethornis subochraceus)

Another Pantanal specialty that we saw well.

PLANALTO HERMIT (Phaethornis pretrei)

We had great looks at this large hermit visiting the feeders in the Pantanal.

SCALE-THROATED HERMIT (Phaethornis eurynome) [E]

After a few frustrating encounters with this species around Intervales, we found a couple of perched birds that allowed us to study them for prolonged periods of time.

BLACK-THROATED MANGO (Anthracothorax nigricollis)

Found in good numbers at the feeders in Iguazu.

GLITTERING-BELLIED EMERALD (Chlorostilbon lucidus)

Upon arriving at Intervales we found an immature bird that had gotten trapped inside our lodge and we tried to rescue it, but sadly it didn't make it. We later found several other individuals.

VIOLET-CAPPED WOODNYMPH (Thalurania glaucopis) [E]

Common in the understory at Intervales and also at the feeders in Iguazu.

FORK-TAILED WOODNYMPH (Thalurania furcata)

Seen in the Pantanal, and it was particularly nice to see a male during our visit to Piuval.

SWALLOW-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (Eupetomena macroura)

The most aggressive species at the feeders in Iguazu.

VERSICOLORED EMERALD (Chrysuronia versicolor)

Common around Intervales.

WHITE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD (Leucochloris albicollis)

Several sightings at Intervales.

GLITTERING-THROATED EMERALD (Chionomesa fimbriata)

The most common species of hummingbird in the Pantanal.

GILDED HUMMINGBIRD (Hylocharis chrysura)

Abundant at the feeders in Iguazu.

Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, and Coots)

BLACKISH RAIL (Pardirallus nigricans)

Multiple good looks at Intervales.

GRAY-COWLED WOOD-RAIL (Aramides cajaneus)

Formerly known as Gray-necked Wood-Rail.

SLATY-BREASTED WOOD-RAIL (Aramides saracura) [E]

Daily views of individuals foraging on the roads at Intervales..

COMMON GALLINULE (Gallinula galeata)

Several birds seen on a lake at Intervales including Adults, immature birds and a couple of tiny chicks.

PURPLE GALLINULE (Porphyrio martinica)

RUFOUS-SIDED CRAKE (Laterallus melanophaius)

Seen nicely coming to corn meal near the reception at Intervales.

RED-AND-WHITE CRAKE (Laterallus leucopyrrhus)

This is usually a very hard species to see ,but since our local guides at Intervales started feeding them we can pretty much guarantee excellent looks at them.

Aramidae (Limpkin)

LIMPKIN (Aramus guarauna)

Abundant in the Pantanal.

Recurvirostridae (Stilts and Avocets)

BLACK-NECKED STILT (WHITE-BACKED) (Himantopus mexicanus melanurus)

Great scope views right from the reception area at Piuval Lodge.

Charadriidae (Plovers and Lapwings)

PIED LAPWING (Vanellus cayanus)

What an elegant bird. I never tire of looking at these through the scope.

SOUTHERN LAPWING (Vanellus chilensis)

A common species, but we watched an interesting behavior as our local guide rescued a juvenile that had fallen in the swimming pool of our lodge. The young bird was exhausted and laid flat on the ground as one of the parents kept attacking it to try to stimulate it to move away from an open area. Fortunately the young bird recovered and joined the parents, having learned to keep its distance from the swimming pool.

COLLARED PLOVER (Charadrius collaris)

It is easy for this tiny plover to go unnoticed among other waders, but they were hanging around the reception of Piuval lodge and we had great looks at them.

Jacanidae (Jacanas)

WATTLED JACANA (Jacana jacana)

Scolopacidae (Sandpipers and Allies)

WHITE-RUMPED SANDPIPER (Calidris fuscicollis)

This is not a species we see very often in the Pantanal as it is only present for a few days each year. This year they were found in large numbers right around our lodge at Piuval.

PECTORAL SANDPIPER (Calidris melanotos)

SOLITARY SANDPIPER (Tringa solitaria)

LESSER YELLOWLEGS (Tringa flavipes)

Laridae (Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers)

LARGE-BILLED TERN (Phaetusa simplex)

Several birds hanging around Piuval, waiting for the water levels to drop and sand banks to be exposed for them to start claiming their nesting sites.

BLACK SKIMMER (Rynchops niger)

Eurypygidae (Sunbittern)

SUNBITTERN (Eurypyga helias) [*]

Ciconiidae (Storks)

MAGUARI STORK (Ciconia maguari)

Jan spotted these handsome storks for us. This is a scarce species in the Pantanal and some years we miss them entirely.

JABIRU (Jabiru mycteria)

Common in the Pantanal.

WOOD STORK (Mycteria americana)

This species leaves the Pantanal during the wet season and returns as the water level starts to drop to take advantage of the abundance of fish. There were several birds already present during our stay in the Pantanal.

Anhingidae (Anhingas)

ANHINGA (Anhinga anhinga)

Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants and Shags)

NEOTROPIC CORMORANT (Nannopterum brasilianum)

Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns)

ZIGZAG HERON (Zebrilus undulatus)

We heard the bird during a boat trip in the afternoon but we were not able to see it, so we came back early next morning to try to see it at dawn and ended up having spectacular views of this unique heron.

LEAST BITTERN (Ixobrychus exilis)

After hearing multiple birds we managed to locate one and watched it in the scope for a long time.

RUFESCENT TIGER-HERON (Tigrisoma lineatum)

Common in the Pantanal.

COCOI HERON (Ardea cocoi)

A close relative of the Great Blue Heron from North America.

GREAT EGRET (Ardea alba)

SNOWY EGRET (Egretta thula)

LITTLE BLUE HERON (Egretta caerulea)

Not nearly as common as the Snowy Egret but we saw a few individuals including some juveniles that are very similar to Snowy Egrets, allowing us to study the differences between the two.

CATTLE EGRET (Bubulcus ibis)

STRIATED HERON (Butorides striata)

It was lovely to see so many young of this species, ranging from chicks to subadult individuals.

WHISTLING HERON (Syrigma sibilatrix)

Our first view came as we drove back to Sao Paulo from Intervales and we were able to watch the contortionist action of a singing bird. We later found more individuals in the Pantanal and had close up views.

CAPPED HERON (Pilherodius pileatus)

BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT-HERON (Nycticorax nycticorax)

BOAT-BILLED HERON (Cochlearius cochlearius)

Our boat trip in the Pantanal went right through a nesting colony of these unique birds.

Threskiornithidae (Ibises and Spoonbills)

GREEN IBIS (Mesembrinibis cayennensis)

A forest species that was seen both at Intervales and in the Pantanal.

BARE-FACED IBIS (Phimosus infuscatus)

Seen in large numbers in the Pantanal.

PLUMBEOUS IBIS (Theristicus caerulescens)

These may look a bit plain and dull from a distance but close up views reveal just how beautiful this species is. With its shaggy crest and orange eyes, this is one of my favorite species of Ibis.

BUFF-NECKED IBIS (Theristicus caudatus)

Seen nicely both at Intervales and in the Pantanal.

ROSEATE SPOONBILL (Platalea ajaja)

This is another species that arrives in the Pantanal as the water levels start receding and the birds we saw were most likely among the first of the season.

Cathartidae (New World Vultures)

KING VULTURE (Sarcoramphus papa)

We spotted an immature bird perched at Intervales and enjoyed scope views of the perched bird and later watched as it took off and soared over us.

BLACK VULTURE (Coragyps atratus)

TURKEY VULTURE (Cathartes aura)

It is easy to overlook this species as it is such a widespread bird, but if you look at them closely you will notice that they are quite different from the North American birds, and in fact belong to a different subspecies. The birds we saw on our tour belong to the tropical group while the birds found in North America belong to the Northern group.

LESSER YELLOW-HEADED VULTURE (Cathartes burrovianus)

Seen well in the Pantanal where it is a common species.

Pandionidae (Osprey)

OSPREY (Pandion haliaetus)

We saw this boreal migrant well in the Pantanal.

Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)

HOOK-BILLED KITE (Chondrohierax uncinatus)

SWALLOW-TAILED KITE (Elanoides forficatus)

Good looks at these elegant raptors as we made our way back to Sao Paulo from Intervales.

BLACK-COLLARED HAWK (Busarellus nigricollis)

It is always a treat to see the boat men in the Pantanal throw fish for these hawks, and to watch as they sweep them off the surface of the water.

SNAIL KITE (Rostrhamus sociabilis)

Thousands of these birds grace the Pantanal with their presence in the wet season. Soon after our tour they all left and went to the Amazon where they will spend the winter.

SAVANNA HAWK (Buteogallus meridionalis)

GREAT BLACK HAWK (Buteogallus urubitinga)

We had multiple good looks at this species but the pair of birds we saw perched on a flowering bush is a sight I will not forget.

ROADSIDE HAWK (Rupornis magnirostris)

MANTLED HAWK (Pseudastur polionotus) [E]

Susan spotted this rare Atlantic Forest endemic near Intervales.

Strigidae (Owls)

TROPICAL SCREECH-OWL (Megascops choliba)

A pair of birds roosted by the reception at Intervales every day.

LONG-TUFTED SCREECH-OWL (Megascops sanctaecatarinae) [*]

FERRUGINOUS PYGMY-OWL (Glaucidium brasilianum)

We had great looks at this fierce little owl in the Pantanal.

BURROWING OWL (Athene cunicularia)

Great looks at a pair of birds sitting by their nest on the side of the road as we crossed back into Brazil.

MOTTLED OWL (Ciccaba virgata)

Our local guide at Intervales knew just where to take us to find this species and we had great looks at one.

Trogonidae (Trogons)

SURUCUA TROGON (Trogon surrucura) [E]

BLACK-THROATED TROGON (Trogon rufus)

Momotidae (Motmots)

RUFOUS-CAPPED MOTMOT (Baryphthengus ruficapillus) [E]

Scope views of one bird near our lodge in Argentina.

Alcedinidae (Kingfishers)

RINGED KINGFISHER (Megaceryle torquata)

The largest of the kingfishers we saw on the tour.

AMAZON KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle amazona)

AMERICAN PYGMY KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle aenea)

We had great views of this minute kingfisher in the Pantanal.

GREEN KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle americana)

Seen over the falls in Iguazu and later on seen again in the Pantanal.

GREEN-AND-RUFOUS KINGFISHER (Chloroceryle inda) [*]

Bucconidae (Puffbirds)

WHITE-EARED PUFFBIRD (Nystalus chacuru)

Jan spotted a pair of birds as we birded our way back from Intervales to Sao Paulo.

RUSTY-BREASTED NUNLET (Nonnula rubecula)

While visiting Intervales we had great looks at these shy understory puffbirds.

BLACK-FRONTED NUNBIRD (Monasa nigrifrons)

Common in the forested areas of the Pantanal.

Galbulidae (Jacamars)

RUFOUS-TAILED JACAMAR (Galbula ruficauda)

Ramphastidae (Toucans)

CHESTNUT-EARED ARACARI (Pteroglossus castanotis)

Multiple looks at this species during our visit to Iguazu.

SPOT-BILLED TOUCANET (Selenidera maculirostris) [E]

We found an adult male on the Poço Preto Trail in Iguaçu. It sat still for our group to enjoy prolonged scope views of this colorful Toucanet.

TOCO TOUCAN (Ramphastos toco)

A common sight around Iguazu.

RED-BREASTED TOUCAN (Ramphastos dicolorus) [E]

Scope views of this colorful toucan at Intervales State Park.

Picidae (Woodpeckers)

OCHRE-COLLARED PICULET (Picumnus temminckii) [E]

We had multiple encounters with this minute woodpecker both at Intervales and Iguazu.

WHITE-WEDGED PICULET (Picumnus albosquamatus)

Seeing piculets is always a treat. These minute woodpeckers are so full of personality and character.

YELLOW-FRONTED WOODPECKER (Melanerpes flavifrons) [E]

We managed to get great looks at these colorful woodpeckers while we were having breakfast on our last morning at Iguaçu. What a treat!

WHITE-FRONTED WOODPECKER (Melanerpes cactorum)

A scarce and localized species in the Pantanal but we knew exactly where to look.

WHITE-SPOTTED WOODPECKER (Dryobates spilogaster) [E]

The most common woodpecker both at Intervales and Iguazu.

LITTLE WOODPECKER (Dryobates passerinus)

This species replaces the White-spotted Woodpecker in the Pantanal.

ROBUST WOODPECKER (Campephilus robustus) [E]

We had great views of this scarce woodpecker both at Intervales and Iguaçu.

CRIMSON-CRESTED WOODPECKER (Campephilus melanoleucos)

We had excellent views of a pair of birds along the Rio Claro.

CREAM-COLORED WOODPECKER (Celeus flavus)

PALE-CRESTED WOODPECKER (Celeus lugubris)

BLOND-CRESTED WOODPECKER (Celeus flavescens) [E]

Excellent studies of this handsome woodpecker on the Macuco trail at Iguazu.

GOLDEN-GREEN WOODPECKER (Piculus chrysochloros)

John found a bird excavating a nest and as a result we had excellent looks at this handsome woodpecker through the scope.

WHITE-BROWED WOODPECKER (Piculus aurulentus)

Also known as Yellow-Browed Woodpecker. We found this one at Intervales.

GREEN-BARRED WOODPECKER (GREEN-BARRED) (Colaptes melanochloros melanochloros) [*]

CAMPO FLICKER (Colaptes campestris)

Widespread but we never tired of looking at them.

Cariamidae (Seriemas)

RED-LEGGED SERIEMA (Cariama cristata)

What a great bird and we had it right behind our rooms at Intervales. What a treat!

Falconidae (Falcons and Caracaras)

BARRED FOREST-FALCON (Micrastur ruficollis) [*]

COLLARED FOREST-FALCON (Micrastur semitorquatus) [*]

CRESTED CARACARA (SOUTHERN) (Caracara plancus plancus)

This species was just lumped back with the North American birds after having been treated as a separate species for several years.

YELLOW-HEADED CARACARA (Milvago chimachima)

Pretty common and specially noticeable around the falls.

AMERICAN KESTREL (Falco sparverius)

Seen on the drive to Intervales.

APLOMADO FALCON (Falco femoralis)

BAT FALCON (Falco rufigularis)

PEREGRINE FALCON (Falco peregrinus)

Nice views of a bird flying around the falls as we waited for the Great Dusky Swifts to fly into the falls to roost for the day.

Psittacidae (New World and African Parrots)

MONK PARAKEET (Myiopsitta monachus)

It is nice to see this species in their native habitat since they are so common around the world.

PLAIN PARAKEET (Brotogeris tirica) [E]

We heard these loud birds and saw them flying high all the time at Intervales, but we finally had some luck with seeing them well when we found them feeding in some trees right outside the restaurant at Intervales.

YELLOW-CHEVRONED PARAKEET (Brotogeris chiriri)

This species replaces the Plain Parakeet in the Pantanal, where it is a common bird.

PILEATED PARROT (Pionopsitta pileata) [E]

Mostly heard, and seen briefly a few times as they flew high over us.

BLUE-BELLIED PARROT (Triclaria malachitacea)

This is a species that we seldom see on this tour but this time around we had great scope views of them.

SCALY-HEADED PARROT (Pionus maximiliani siy)

We saw two subspecies of this parrot on this tour. This was the one we found in the Pantanal with the prominent white eye ring.

SCALY-HEADED PARROT (Pionus maximiliani melanoblepharus)

This is the subspecies we saw both at Intervales and in Iguazu.

TURQUOISE-FRONTED PARROT (Amazona aestiva)

A common species in the Pantanal.

ORANGE-WINGED PARROT (Amazona amazonica)

A few individuals seen in the Pantanal.

COBALT-RUMPED PARROTLET (Forpus xanthopterygius)

Formerly known as Blue-winged Parrotlet.

MAROON-BELLIED PARAKEET (Pyrrhura frontalis)

We had several looks at these parakeets, both at Intervales and at iguazu but my favorite experience was having a group of these birds fly straight through our group as we watched the falls on the Argentine side.

HYACINTH MACAW (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)

Undoubtedly the most iconic bird of the Pantanal.

PEACH-FRONTED PARAKEET (Eupsittula aurea)

NANDAY PARAKEET (Aratinga nenday)

Seen at the bird feeders of Rio Claro lodge.

YELLOW-COLLARED MACAW (Primolius auricollis)

This macaw is barely larger than an White-eyed Parakeet, but it is quite a handsome bird.

BLUE-CROWNED PARAKEET (Thectocercus acuticaudatus)

Seen towards the end of our tour in the Pantanal.

WHITE-EYED PARAKEET (Psittacara leucophthalmus)

Common both at Iguazu and in the Pantanal.

Thamnophilidae (Typical Antbirds)

SPOT-BACKED ANTSHRIKE (Hypoedaleus guttatus) [E]

We had a few encounters with this canopy Antshrike but the one we found foraging relatively low over the Macuco trail in Argentina was by far one of the best views I ever had of this species.

GIANT ANTSHRIKE (Batara cinerea)

This one made us work hard for it. but our work was rewarded with excellent looks a massive female near the entrance gate of Intervales State Park.

TUFTED ANTSHRIKE (Mackenziaena severa) [E]

We found an adult male foraging in some bamboo on the Mirante da Anta trail at Intervales.

GREAT ANTSHRIKE (Taraba major)

We had nice looks at them in the pantanal allowing us to see their ruby red eyes.

WHITE-BEARDED ANTSHRIKE (Biatas nigropectus) [E]

We found the bamboo specialist twice during our visit to intervales.

BARRED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus doliatus)

Seen right outside the restaurant at Intervales.

RUFOUS-CAPPED ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus ruficapillus) [*]

PLANALTO SLATY-ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus pelzelni)

Seen on the last day of our tour in the Pantanal. We had a bit of trouble locating this one but after hearing a few individuals, we got a nice look at one in some semideciduous forest at Piuval.

VARIABLE ANTSHRIKE (Thamnophilus caerulescens)

One of the many species that were visiting the floodlight by the entrance gate at Intervales early in the morning.

STAR-THROATED ANTWREN (Rhopias gularis) [E]

We had great looks at these minute antbirds, even catching a glimpse of the white dots on the throat for which this species is named.

SPOT-BREASTED ANTVIREO (Dysithamnus stictothorax) [E]

A pair of birds seen on the Lajeado trail at Intervales.

PLAIN ANTVIREO (Dysithamnus mentalis)

This is a common and widespread species so I was a bit surprised to see how much trouble we were having to get a good look at one, but we finally saw them well on the Poço Preto Trail in Iguaçu.

UNICOLORED ANTWREN (Myrmotherula unicolor)

We found this scarce species with a mixed species flock at Intervales.

LARGE-BILLED ANTWREN (Herpsilochmus longirostris)

A canopy antwren that is closely related to Rufous-margined Antwren, replacing it in the Pantanal.

RUFOUS-MARGINED ANTWREN (Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus)

Formerly known as Rufous-winged Antwren, this species was recently split.

BLACK-BELLIED ANTWREN (Formicivora melanogaster)

Another nice find on our last day in the Pantanal.

RUSTY-BACKED ANTWREN (Formicivora rufa)

FERRUGINOUS ANTBIRD (Drymophila ferruginea) [E]

We found this bamboo specialist on the Mirante da Anta trail at Intervales just before it started raining.

BERTONI'S ANTBIRD (Drymophila rubricollis) [E*]

OCHRE-RUMPED ANTBIRD (Drymophila ochropyga) [E]

Nice looks at this neatly patterned antbird on a trail near our lodge at Intervales.

DUSKY-TAILED ANTBIRD (Drymophila malura)

Also seen at Intervales.

STREAK-CAPPED ANTWREN (Terenura maculata) [E]

We had multiple looks at this tiny canopy bird.

MATO GROSSO ANTBIRD (Cercomacra melanaria)

Multiple looks at this Pantanal specialty.

WHITE-SHOULDERED FIRE-EYE (Pyriglena leucoptera) [E]

Seen several times on the tour but our best sighting was close to our lodge on the Argentine side of the falls when we got an adult male sitting on an exposed branch.

BAND-TAILED ANTBIRD (Hypocnemoides maculicauda)

This riverine specialist was seen on our boat tour at Piuval Lodge and they were almost too close for binoculars.

SQUAMATE ANTBIRD (Myrmoderus squamosus)

Multiple looks of this striking antbird during our stay at Intervales.

Conopophagidae (Gnateaters)

BLACK-CHEEKED GNATEATER (Conopophaga melanops)

We had great looks at a female on the Lajeado trail at Intervales.

RUFOUS GNATEATER (Conopophaga lineata)

Multiple looks at Intervales, including a male flaring out its white ear tufts.

Grallariidae (Antpittas)

VARIEGATED ANTPITTA (Grallaria varia) [*]

Rhinocryptidae (Tapaculos)

SLATY BRISTLEFRONT (Merulaxis ater) [E]

Seen twice! this bird is being studied and may become a separate species.

WHITE-BREASTED TAPACULO (Eleoscytalopus indigoticus)

We managed to coax an immature bird to jump out into an opening for our group a few times.

Formicariidae (Antthrushes)

RUFOUS-CAPPED ANTTHRUSH (Formicarius colma)

We had to work hard for this one and even had to go off trail for it but our efforts were rewarded with views of a bird that was too close for binocular views.

SHORT-TAILED ANTTHRUSH (Chamaeza campanisona)

After hearing it multiple times we managed to bring the bird across the trail allowing us great studies of this shy forest dweller.

Furnariidae (Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers)

RUFOUS-BREASTED LEAFTOSSER (Sclerurus scansor) [E]

We had the bird fly by us a few times but never connected with a perched bird.

OLIVACEOUS WOODCREEPER (AMAZONIAN) (Sittasomus griseicapillus griseicapillus) [*]

OLIVACEOUS WOODCREEPER (OLIVACEOUS) (Sittasomus griseicapillus sylviellus) [E]

This is the subspecies we found at Intervales and iguazu.

PLAIN-WINGED WOODCREEPER (Dendrocincla turdina) [E]

Good looks at Intervales... which is not to say that it is a good looking bird.

PLANALTO WOODCREEPER (Dendrocolaptes platyrostris)

WHITE-THROATED WOODCREEPER (Xiphocolaptes albicollis) [E]

We had great views of a pair of birds late in the day at the Barra Grande trail at Intervales.

GREAT RUFOUS WOODCREEPER (Xiphocolaptes major)

We had multiple good looks at this massive woodcreeper in the Pantanal.

LESSER WOODCREEPER (Xiphorhynchus fuscus fuscus) [E]

Common with the mixed species flocks at Intervales.

BUFF-THROATED WOODCREEPER (Xiphorhynchus guttatus)

Some authors consider this subspecies of woodcreeper to be a separate species as it looks pretty different and its song is distinctive as well.

STRAIGHT-BILLED WOODCREEPER (Dendroplex picus)

RED-BILLED SCYTHEBILL (Campylorhamphus trochilirostris)

It is always a treat to see this highly adapted woodcreeper. We had great looks at them in the Pantanal.

NARROW-BILLED WOODCREEPER (Lepidocolaptes angustirostris)

The most common woodcreeper in the Pantanal.

SCALLOPED WOODCREEPER (Lepidocolaptes falcinellus) [E]

Seen with a mixed species flock at Intervales.

PLAIN XENOPS (Xenops minutus)

STREAKED XENOPS (Xenops rutilans)

Multiple looks but the one we saw early in the morning near the gate at Intervales was particularly cooperative.

PALE-LEGGED HORNERO (Furnarius leucopus)

Always found along bodies of water in the Pantanal.

RUFOUS HORNERO (Furnarius rufus)

Common and widespread.

SHARP-TAILED STREAMCREEPER (Lochmias nematura nematura) [*]

WHITE-COLLARED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Anabazenops fuscus) [E]

A handsome Bamboo specialist that we saw well at Intervales.

PALE-BROWED TREEHUNTER (Cichlocolaptes leucophrus) [E*]

SHARP-BILLED TREEHUNTER (Heliobletus contaminatus) [E]

Seen twice at Intervales but the second sighting was the one I will not forget, with the birds foraging low on an exposed branch at the workers village inside the park.

BLACK-CAPPED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Philydor atricapillus) [E]

Great looks at this striking foliage-gleaner foraging with mixed species flocks both at intervales and Iguazu.

WHITE-BROWED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Anabacerthia amaurotis) [E]

OCHRE-BREASTED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Anabacerthia lichtensteini) [E]

Great looks at this striking foliage-gleaner foraging with mixed species flocks both at intervales and Iguazu.

BUFF-BROWED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Syndactyla rufosuperciliata)

Very similar to the Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner but we were able to see them both well to compare the characteristics of each species.

BUFF-FRONTED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Dendroma rufa)

WHITE-EYED FOLIAGE-GLEANER (Automolus leucophthalmus) [E]

ARAUCARIA TIT-SPINETAIL (Leptasthenura setaria)

This species has colonized the Araucaria trees that were planted at Intervales and we had great looks at one bird near the restaurant.

RUFOUS-FRONTED THORNBIRD (Phacellodomus rufifrons)

Great views along the access road to Rio Claro.

GREATER THORNBIRD (Phacellodomus ruber)

This one favors marshy areas and we saw it well in the Pantanal.

ORANGE-BREASTED THORNBIRD (Phacellodomus ferrugineigula)

Beautiful views of one bird at the marsh by the reception at Intervales.

RUSTY-BACKED SPINETAIL (Cranioleuca vulpina)

A riverine specialist that we saw well during our boat trip at Rio Claro.

PALLID SPINETAIL (Cranioleuca pallida) [E]

We had multiple views of this arboreal spinetail at Intervales.

RUFOUS CACHOLOTE (Pseudoseisura unirufa)

A pair of displaying birds singing loudly from the top of one tree in the Pantanal.

YELLOW-CHINNED SPINETAIL (Certhiaxis cinnamomeus)

CHOTOY SPINETAIL (Schoeniophylax phryganophilus)

This monotypic genus is quite distinctive and we had great looks at them in the Pantanal allowing us to study the unique pattern on their throat.

WHITE-LORED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis albilora)

This is one of those cases in which the name of the bird requires stretching the imagination a bit. I have yet to find a bird that has a white lore.

RUFOUS-CAPPED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis ruficapilla)

Probably the most common of the spinetails at Intervales and one that we saw well on our first afternoon at the Park. We later got another great looks on the Barra Grande trail for John and Polly.

CINEREOUS-BREASTED SPINETAIL (Synallaxis hypospodia) [*]

SPIX'S SPINETAIL (Synallaxis spixi)

This species favors the edge of marshy areas and we saw it a few times at intervales.

Pipridae (Manakins)

SERRA DO MAR TYRANT-MANAKIN (Neopelma chrysolophum) [E]

Not a very striking bird, but we had great looks at this endemic species during our visit to Intervales.

HELMETED MANAKIN (Antilophia galeata)

SWALLOW-TAILED MANAKIN (Chiroxiphia caudata) [E]

PIN-TAILED MANAKIN (Ilicura militaris) [E]

We found at female at Intervales.

WHITE-BEARDED MANAKIN (Manacus manacus)

An adult male showed up at Iguazu as we played a Pygmy Owl mobbing tape.

BAND-TAILED MANAKIN (Pipra fasciicauda)

A gorgeous adult male seen on the Macuco trail in Argentina was the very definition of eye candy.

Cotingidae (Cotingas)

HOODED BERRYEATER (Carpornis cucullata)

After hearing them and trying to see them on several occasions at Intervales, our local guide Betinho spotted a pair of individuals and we managed to get great scope views of this beautiful bird.

RED-RUFFED FRUITCROW (Pyroderus scutatus)

A brief sighting by me and Susan. Unfortunately the bird flew away before we could get the rest of the group on it.

BARE-THROATED BELLBIRD (Procnias nudicollis)

Tityridae (Tityras and Allies)

BLACK-TAILED TITYRA (Tityra cayana)

BLACK-CROWNED TITYRA (Tityra inquisitor)

We had good scope views at Intervales and and Iguazu.

GREENISH SCHIFFORNIS (Schiffornis virescens) [E]

GREEN-BACKED BECARD (Pachyramphus viridis)

CHESTNUT-CROWNED BECARD (Pachyramphus castaneus)

WHITE-WINGED BECARD (Pachyramphus polychopterus)

CRESTED BECARD (Pachyramphus validus)

Oxyruncidae (Sharpbill, Royal Flycatcher, and Allies)

SHARPBILL (Oxyruncus cristatus) [*]

Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers)

WING-BARRED PIPRITES (Piprites chloris)

It was a treat to find a bird perched low as it moved through the forest with a mixed species flock, as this is a species that is more often heard than seen.

WHITE-THROATED SPADEBILL (Platyrinchus mystaceus)

One of the highlights of our visit at intervales was watching an adult feeding a young bird at close range for several minutes.

GRAY-HOODED FLYCATCHER (Mionectes rufiventris) [E]

SEPIA-CAPPED FLYCATCHER (Leptopogon amaurocephalus)

SOUTHERN BRISTLE-TYRANT (Phylloscartes eximius) [E]

We had great looks at this small, range restricted flycatcher at Intervales.

MOTTLE-CHEEKED TYRANNULET (Phylloscartes ventralis)

SAO PAULO TYRANNULET (Phylloscartes paulista) [E]

Its Portuguese name literally translates to "can't stop" so we were lucky to get good looks at this tiny tyrannulet both at Intervales and Iguaçu.

OUSTALET'S TYRANNULET (Phylloscartes oustaleti)

Always fun to see this bird as it has the unique habit of jiggling its tail.

SOUTHERN ANTPIPIT (Corythopis delalandi)

Great looks at this bird that is neither an Antbird nor a Pipit, but is instead a very striking flycatcher that we saw well on the Macuco trail in Argentina.

EARED PYGMY-TYRANT (Myiornis auricularis) [E]

The genus Myiornis harbors the smallest passerines in the world, and they are often found high up in the canopy, so we were fortunate to find a pair of birds close to eye level at Intervales.

EYE-RINGED TODY-TYRANT (Hemitriccus orbitatus)

Seen nicely at Intervales which was a bit of a surprise as they are more common at lower altitudes.

STRIPE-NECKED TODY-TYRANT (Hemitriccus striaticollis)

HANGNEST TODY-TYRANT (Hemitriccus nidipendulus) [E]

Despite its interesting name there is nothing special about the nesting habits of this species, as many flycatchers build hanging nests. Nevertheless it was nice to get good looks at this chartreuse colored flycatcher near the research headquarters at Intervales.

PEARLY-VENTED TODY-TYRANT (Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer)

OCHRE-FACED TODY-FLYCATCHER (Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps)

Its flatulent song is one that was quickly learned by everyone in the group.

RUSTY-FRONTED TODY-FLYCATCHER (Poecilotriccus latirostris)

GRAY-HEADED TODY-FLYCATCHER (Todirostrum poliocephalum) [E]

Formerly known as Yellow-Lored Tody-Flycatcher. We saw one individual well near the research headquarters at Intervales.

COMMON TODY-FLYCATCHER (Todirostrum cinereum)

YELLOW-OLIVE FLYCATCHER (MATO GROSSO) (Tolmomyias sulphurescens pallescens) [*]

This was the subspecies we had at Iguazu.

YELLOW-OLIVE FLYCATCHER (SOORETAMA) (Tolmomyias sulphurescens sulphurescens)

This was the subspecies we saw at Intervales.

CLIFF FLYCATCHER (SWALLOW) (Hirundinea ferruginea bellicosa)

SOUTHERN BEARDLESS-TYRANNULET (Camptostoma obsoletum)

With these drab looking small tyrannulets, it is always nice to see some diagnostic feature of the bird and we were able to have great studies of this species rocking its body from side to side, which is a very characteristic behavior of this species.

FOREST ELAENIA (Myiopagis gaimardii)

GRAY ELAENIA (Myiopagis caniceps)

We were able to bring this canopy specialist down to a good viewing hight on the Poço Preto trail.

GREENISH ELAENIA (Myiopagis viridicata)

Miguel, our local guide in Iguazu, managed to spot one of these rather drab looking Elaenias for us on the Poço Preto trail.

SMALL-HEADED ELAENIA (Elaenia sordida)

Seen near the reception area at Intervales on our first morning there.

YELLOW-BELLIED ELAENIA (Elaenia flavogaster)

The most common of the Elaenias found in Brazil.

LARGE ELAENIA (Elaenia spectabilis)

OLIVACEOUS ELAENIA (Elaenia mesoleuca)

SOOTY TYRANNULET (Serpophaga nigricans)

Good looks at a pair of birds on the edge of the lake behind the restaurant at Intervales.

WHITE-CRESTED TYRANNULET (Serpophaga subcristata)

We picked up a pair of these tiny birds on our back to Sao Paulo from Intervales.

GREENISH TYRANNULET (Phyllomyias virescens) [E]

Betinho spotted one of these rare tyrannulets for us near the workers village at Intervales.

PLANALTO TYRANNULET (Phyllomyias fasciatus)

It was great to see this species from above as it foraged on some mistletoe berries at Intervales. Its short stubby bill is an adaptation to feeding on such berries and is one of the diagnostic features of this species.

GRAY-CAPPED TYRANNULET (Phyllomyias griseocapilla) [E]

Seen multiple times near the entrance gate at Intervales.

PLAIN TYRANNULET (Inezia inornata)

Plain indeed. But a range restricted bird that we connected with in the Pantanal.

BRAN-COLORED FLYCATCHER (Myiophobus fasciatus) [*]

EULER'S FLYCATCHER (EULER'S) (Lathrotriccus euleri euleri)

FUSCOUS FLYCATCHER (Cnemotriccus fuscatus)

We saw this understory flycatcher in the Pantanal.

SOUTHERN SCRUB-FLYCATCHER (Sublegatus modestus)

WHITE-RUMPED MONJITA (Xolmis velatus)

We found one individual on our drive back to Sao Paulo from Intervales.

WHITE-HEADED MARSH TYRANT (Arundinicola leucocephala)

A couple of sightings of this charismatic flycatcher along the Transpantaneira Road.

BLACK-BACKED WATER-TYRANT (Fluvicola albiventer)

Pretty common in the Pantanal.

MASKED WATER-TYRANT (Fluvicola nengeta)

We had nice views of a displaying bird on our way back from Intervales to Sao Paulo.

STREAMER-TAILED TYRANT (Gubernetes yetapa)

This is a species we had hoped to find on our drive to Sao Paulo as we returned from Intervales and I spotted a bird perched along the road as we were driving. The birds then put on a show for us that made our day.

LONG-TAILED TYRANT (Colonia colonus)

Scope views of this neat little bird.

RUFOUS-TAILED ATTILA (Attila phoenicurus)

GRAY-HOODED ATTILA (Attila rufus) [E]

This species is far more attractive than the illustrations on the field guide. We saw one during our visit to Intervales.

SIBILANT SIRYSTES (Sirystes sibilator sibilator)

Nice looks along route 101 in Argentina. This species is a nuclear species of mixed species flocks and brought a whole set of other birds along with it when we called it in.

RUFOUS CASIORNIS (Casiornis rufus)

A species found in dry forest in the Pantanal.

SWAINSON'S FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus swainsoni)

SHORT-CRESTED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus ferox)

The most common of the Myiarchus flycatchers on this tour.

BROWN-CRESTED FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus tyrannulus)

CATTLE TYRANT (Machetornis rixosa)

Particularly common in the Pantanal.

LESSER KISKADEE (Pitangus lictor)

Always found close to water. We saw them in the Pantanal where they are somewhat common.

GREAT KISKADEE (Pitangus sulphuratus)

BOAT-BILLED FLYCATCHER (Megarynchus pitangua)

Present on all three stops of our tour.

RUSTY-MARGINED FLYCATCHER (Myiozetetes cayanensis)

SOCIAL FLYCATCHER (Myiozetetes similis)

THREE-STRIPED FLYCATCHER (Conopias trivirgatus)

A canopy bird that always perches on the very top of trees, making them a bit hard to see well but we managed to get good looks at some during our visit to Intervales.

STREAKED FLYCATCHER (Myiodynastes maculatus)

PIRATIC FLYCATCHER (Legatus leucophaius)

VARIEGATED FLYCATCHER (Empidonomus varius)

TROPICAL KINGBIRD (Tyrannus melancholicus)

Vireonidae (Vireos, Shrike-Babblers, and Erpornis)

RUFOUS-BROWED PEPPERSHRIKE (Cyclarhis gujanensis)

RUFOUS-CROWNED GREENLET (Hylophilus poicilotis) [E]

Greenlets are often drab looking birds but this species is quite handsome and we had great looks at them during our visit to Intervales.

ASHY-HEADED GREENLET (Hylophilus pectoralis)

We found this one in the Pantanal.

CHIVI VIREO (MIGRATORY) (Vireo chivi chivi)

Corvidae (Crows, Jays, and Magpies)

PURPLISH JAY (Cyanocorax cyanomelas)

Common in the Pantanal.

PLUSH-CRESTED JAY (Cyanocorax chrysops)

A stunning species of jay that is a common sight around the falls at Iguazu.

Donacobiidae (Donacobius)

BLACK-CAPPED DONACOBIUS (Donacobius atricapilla)

Hirundinidae (Swallows)

BLUE-AND-WHITE SWALLOW (Pygochelidon cyanoleuca)

It was nice to see Blue-and-white Swallows sitting next to Gray-breasted Martins at Intervales allowing us to compare the two species side by side.

GRAY-BREASTED MARTIN (Progne chalybea)

BROWN-CHESTED MARTIN (Progne tapera)

Very common in the Pantanal.

WHITE-WINGED SWALLOW (Tachycineta albiventer)

Always found close to water.

Polioptilidae (Gnatcatchers)

MASKED GNATCATCHER (Polioptila dumicola)

Always one of the first responders to the Pygmy-owl tape in the Pantanal.

CREAMY-BELLIED GNATCATCHER (Polioptila lactea) [E]

Range restricted and quite scarce, so It was nice to see it around Iguazu.

Troglodytidae (Wrens)

HOUSE WREN (Troglodytes aedon)

THRUSH-LIKE WREN (Campylorhynchus turdinus)

A common species in the Pantanal.

BUFF-BREASTED WREN (Cantorchilus leucotis)

A common species along the rivers in the Pantanal.

Mimidae (Mockingbirds and Thrashers)

CHALK-BROWED MOCKINGBIRD (Mimus saturninus)

Seen on every major stop of our tour.

Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies)

PALE-BREASTED THRUSH (Turdus leucomelas)

The most common species of thrush at Intervales and Iguazu.

RUFOUS-BELLIED THRUSH (Turdus rufiventris)

Seen on every day but one on our tour.

CREAMY-BELLIED THRUSH (Turdus amaurochalinus)

A brief look at Intervales.

Fringillidae (Finches, Euphonias, and Allies)

GOLDEN-RUMPED EUPHONIA (Chlorophonia cyanocephala)

We found this colorful euphonia at Intervales.

BLUE-NAPED CHLOROPHONIA (Chlorophonia cyanea)

Often a hard one to see but we managed to lay eyes on one at Iguazu.

PURPLE-THROATED EUPHONIA (Euphonia chlorotica)

Common in the Pantanal.

GREEN-THROATED EUPHONIA (Euphonia chalybea)

Seen in the little village of Ribeirao Grande near the entrance of Intervales.

VIOLACEOUS EUPHONIA (Euphonia violacea)

The most common euphonia in the Atlantic Forest.

CHESTNUT-BELLIED EUPHONIA (Euphonia pectoralis) [E]

HOODED SISKIN (Spinus magellanicus)

Seen along the little town near Intervales.

Passerellidae (New World Sparrows)

HALF-COLLARED SPARROW (Arremon semitorquatus)

A very striking sparrow that lives in dense understory of forested areas. We found one around Intervales and managed to get pretty good looks at it.

RUFOUS-COLLARED SPARROW (Zonotrichia capensis)

Icteridae (Troupials and Allies)

CRESTED OROPENDOLA (Psarocolius decumanus)

Several birds seen in the Pantanal.

SOLITARY BLACK CACIQUE (Cacicus solitarius)

Common in the Pantanal.

GOLDEN-WINGED CACIQUE (Cacicus chrysopterus)

YELLOW-RUMPED CACIQUE (Cacicus cela)

RED-RUMPED CACIQUE (Cacicus haemorrhous)

A common species around Iguazu.

VARIABLE ORIOLE (CHESTNUT-SHOULDERED) (Icterus pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus)

This is the subspecies we saw around Iguazu.

VARIABLE ORIOLE (CHESTNUT-SHOULDERED) (Icterus pyrrhopterus periporphyrus)

These are the birds we saw in the Pantanal.

ORANGE-BACKED TROUPIAL (Icterus croconotus)

A close relative of the North American Orioles and every bit as striking.

SHINY COWBIRD (Molothrus bonariensis)

GIANT COWBIRD (Molothrus oryzivorus)

Common in the Pantanal where they parasitize the nests of Crested Oropendolas.

SCARLET-HEADED BLACKBIRD (Amblyramphus holosericeus)

This spectacular species favors Papyrus marshes. We had great looks in the Pantanal.

CHOPI BLACKBIRD (Gnorimopsar chopi)

GRAYISH BAYWING (Agelaioides badius)

Formerly known as Baywing Cowbird but the taxon was split into two species and is not a nest parasite so it is no longer called cowbird.

UNICOLORED BLACKBIRD (Agelasticus cyanopus)

A bird that favors wetlands so it is not surprise that it is common in the Pantanal.

CHESTNUT-CAPPED BLACKBIRD (Chrysomus ruficapillus)

Parulidae (New World Warblers)

MASKED YELLOWTHROAT (Geothlypis aequinoctialis)

Since our tour, this species has been split and is now called Southern Yellowthroat.

TROPICAL PARULA (Setophaga pitiayumi)

Common in the Atlantic Forest.

GOLDEN-CROWNED WARBLER (Basileuterus culicivorus)

Great views both at Intervales and Iguazu.

FLAVESCENT WARBLER (Myiothlypis flaveola)

Seen in the Pantanal near Piuval Lodge. This is an understory warbler that showed itself nicely.

WHITE-BROWED WARBLER (Myiothlypis leucoblephara) [E]

An Atlantic Forest endemic that has a very melodious song and we saw well during our stay at Intervales.

RIVERBANK WARBLER (Myiothlypis rivularis)

Cardinalidae (Cardinals and Allies)

RED-CROWNED ANT-TANAGER (Habia rubica)

A nuclear species of understory mixed species flocks.

Thraupidae (Tanagers and Allies)

BROWN TANAGER (Orchesticus abeillei) [E]

These unique tanagers are the only members of their genus. It is fascinating to watch their family groups moving through the forest.

RED-CRESTED CARDINAL (Paroaria coronata)

This species has been introduced to many places around the world but is native to the Pantanal where we saw them.

YELLOW-BILLED CARDINAL (Paroaria capitata)

Also found in the Pantanal where it is quite common and abundant.

MAGPIE TANAGER (Cissopis leverianus)

We saw this large, unique tanager at Iguazu.

HOODED TANAGER (Nemosia pileata)

We usually expect to see this species in the Pantanal but this year we found them around Iguazu.

ORANGE-HEADED TANAGER (Thlypopsis sordida)

This widespread species often occurs in low density. We found one at Intervales where it is rarely seen.

BLACK-GOGGLED TANAGER (Trichothraupis melanops)

GRAY-HEADED TANAGER (Eucometis penicillata)

RUBY-CROWNED TANAGER (Tachyphonus coronatus) [E]

This is a typical case of a bird being named for a feature that is rarely seen. We saw this species several times but only had glimpses of the ruby crown.

BRAZILIAN TANAGER (Ramphocelus bresilius) [E]

Seen a couple of times around Intervales.

SILVER-BEAKED TANAGER (Ramphocelus carbo)

Seen both in the Pantanal and Iguazu.

FAWN-BREASTED TANAGER (Pipraeidea melanonota)

SAYACA TANAGER (Thraupis sayaca)

This common species resembles the range-restricted Azure-shouldered Tanager that is endemic to the Atlantic Forest and the Blue-gray Tanager that occurs in the Amazon.

AZURE-SHOULDERED TANAGER (Thraupis cyanoptera) [E]

PALM TANAGER (Thraupis palmarum)

GREEN-HEADED TANAGER (Tangara seledon) [E]

This little gem is one of the most atractive Atlantic Forest birds and is always a treat to see.

SWALLOW TANAGER (Tersina viridis)

BLUE DACNIS (Dacnis cayana)

GUIRA TANAGER (Hemithraupis guira)

Seen nicely around Iguazu.

RUFOUS-HEADED TANAGER (Hemithraupis ruficapilla) [E]

CHESTNUT-VENTED CONEBILL (Conirostrum speciosum)

Seen every day on our tour.

UNIFORM FINCH (Haplospiza unicolor) [E]

SAFFRON FINCH (Sicalis flaveola)

Seen every day on our tour.

GRASSLAND YELLOW-FINCH (Sicalis luteola)

This was a bit of surprise for me as we don't usually see this bird on this tour. We found a bird on our way back to Sao Paulo from Intervales.

LINED SEEDEATER (Sporophila lineola)

Common around Intervales.

WHITE-BELLIED SEEDEATER (Sporophila leucoptera)

We found this species in the Pantanal.

CHESTNUT-BELLIED SEED-FINCH (Sporophila angolensis)

This species has become scarce in many areas as it is a popular cage bird but it remains relatively common in the Pantanal.

DOUBLE-COLLARED SEEDEATER (Sporophila caerulescens)

RUSTY-COLLARED SEEDEATER (Sporophila collaris)

Common in the Pantanal.

RED-CRESTED FINCH (Coryphospingus cucullatus)

BANANAQUIT (Coereba flaveola)

BLUE-GRAY SALTATOR (Saltator coerulescens)

Formerly known as Grayish Saltator.

GREEN-WINGED SALTATOR (Saltator similis)

BLACK-THROATED GROSBEAK (Saltator fuliginosus) [E]

---

MAMMALS

BLACK HOWLER MONKEY (Alouatta caraya) [*]

BROWN CAPUCHIN (Cebus apella)

SIX-BANDED (YELLOW) ARMADILLO (Euphractus sexcinctus)

NINE-BANDED ARMADILLO (Dasypus novemcinctus)

BRAZILIAN RABBIT (Sylvilagus brasiliensis)

GUIANAN SQUIRREL (Sciurus aestuans)

CAPYBARA (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris)

AZARA'S AGOUTI (Dasyprocta azarae)

CRAB-EATING FOX (Cerdocyon thous)

COLLARED PECCARY (Tayassu tajacu)

MARSH DEER (Blastocerus dichotomus)

RED BROCKET DEER (Mazama americana)

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HERPS

PARAGUAYAN CAIMAN (Caiman yacare)

YELLOW-LEGGED TORTOISE (Chelonoidis denticulata)

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Totals for the tour: 414 bird taxa and 12 mammal taxa